Summary for titanium plating Discussion
Titanium plating is the key issue here: Mark Robidoux asked whether titanium can be plated by electro or electroless means, whether it must be pure titanium, and what electrolyte would be used. Ted Mooney replied that titanium is too active to plate from a conventional aqueous bath because water will split before titanium ions can be deposited, though he noted some literature claims otherwise. He added that titanium can be plated from organic electrolytes and can also be deposited by sputtering or other vapor deposition processes. James Watts clarified that the question may have been ambiguous, since “plating” can mean coating a surface with titanium rather than plating titanium itself. In a later comment, Ted reiterated that titanium cannot be the source metal in a normal aqueous plating bath, but it can be a substrate to be plated after suitable pretreatment.
Can titanium be plated by electro or electroless means? If so does it have to be “pure” titanium and what would the electrolyte be?
Any help is greatly appreciated.
P.S. you probably have the most informative site and clientele on the web!
Mark Robidoux
– Malvern, Pennsylvania
1999
Thank you for the kind words. We do work hard and appreciate the recognition, but it is indeed our readers, our “clientele”, who provide the good answers.
Titanium is too active to plate out of an aqueous plating bath. Oversimplifying, the water will separate into hydrogen and oxygen before the titanium will ionize; however, there is some scientific literature claiming that it should be possible. Titanium can be plated from organic electrolytes, however. Also, titanium can be deposited by sputtering processes.
Ted Mooney, P.E.
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Titanium and its most common alloys are plated out of an aqueous solution. In aerospace plating it is normally struck with nickel first. The difficulty with plating Ti is that it is difficult to activate and it passivates very rapidly. Several plating books have cycles for plating Ti. It is considerably more difficult than you might be led to believe to have a very low reject rate when compared to normal base metals. Har-Con Chrome in CT was one of the first platers to be able to plate Ti well enough to meet the requirements for aircraft engine plating and that was about 1980. The first published information that I saw was by the USAF in Metal Finishing (I think) about 1986.
James Watts
– Navarre, Florida
1999
1999
Are we all on the same wavelength here? I thought (and still think, I think) that Mr. Robidoux wanted to deposit titanium onto a substrate. Mr. Watts seems to be talking about depositing nickel and other materials onto a titanium substrate.
I’ve been 30 years in this business and when someone says they are interested in “Plating Titanium” I’m still as confused as I was the first day 🙂
Ted Mooney, P.E.
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Ok, Ted, I did not read it very well. Deposit it with one of the vapor deposition processes.
James Watts
– Navarre, Florida
1999
A. I think the question was a bit vague. Plating (coating) a surface with something (a surface is plated with a metal) vs. plating a specific metal are colloquially often confused because both are often just written and asked as “can I plate”.
Steve Mayer
– Tualatin, Oregon
June 13, 2012
A. Thanks Steve.
When someone says they want to rent an apartment, we ask whether they want to be a lessor or a lessee.
I guess we need to coin words like “plator” and “platee” :-)
So, yes, titanium cannot be a plator from a conventional aqueous plating bath, but it can be a platee after appropriate pretreatment :-)
Regards,
Ted Mooney, P.E.
Striving to live Aloha
finishing.com – Pine Beach, New Jersey
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June 13, 2012