Matte Tin Surface Stain Marks: Important Troubleshooting Tips

Summary for matte tin surface stain marks Discussion

matte tin surface stain marks are being investigated on connector pins that show spots after plating and cannot be removed with water or alcohol. CSKoo says the issue persists despite replacing the post-dip, changing rinsing water, half-making up the tin bath, carbon-treating the nickel bath, and replacing air piping for the air wipe; the parts do not touch each other. Ted Mooney notes that matte tin usually suggests an alkaline stannate bath, though other bath types exist today, and asks whether inspection is happening immediately after plating with no chance for contact or handling. He points out that tin plating can suffer from fretting corrosion, which can create severe discoloration, and says that if the parts are barrel plated, the marks may be expected. When CSKoo asks whether DI water or the tin bath could be responsible, Ted asks for more detail about the air wipe, the air source, and how the parts are held during plating and wiping before drawing conclusions.

Traditionally there were two types of tin plating baths, an acid based bath (tin sulfate) which produced bright tin plating, and an alkaline bath (potassium or sodium stannate) which produced matte tin plating. Thus, bright tin implied that the bath was acid, and matte tin implied that the bath was alkaline.
     Today there is a third class of baths (MSA), plus other variations, but most readers will infer the use of the alkaline stannate bath if the plating is called matte.

Q. Hello, I am doing connector manufacturing. Recently, we found stain marks on plated matte tin surface which cannot be removed using water or alcohol.

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We have replaced the post-dip, rinsing water, half-madeup the tin bath, carbon treated the nickel bath, but the problem persists. Kindly advise, please. Thank you.

CSKoo
– Singapore
July 3, 2025

A. Hi CS,

Is the inspection done immediately after plating, with no possibility of the components touching each other or anything else? Tin plating is known for ‘fretting corrosion’; some years ago this forum dealt with a problem of fretting corrosion so bad that the plating turned completely black  🙂

If these components are barrel plated, the marks probably should be expected.

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Luck & Regards,

ted_yosem
Ted Mooney, P.E. RET
Striving to live Aloha

finishing.com – Pine Beach, New Jersey



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Q. Dear Ted, the stain spot was found after plating and not all pins show this defect. We do replace the new air piping for air wipe, but the problem persists. Is it possible due to De-ionised water quality or tin plating bath itself? The components never touch each other.

CSKoo [returning]
– Singapore

A. Hi again.

Please explain this “air wipe”. What kind of blower or compressor is supplying the air?

How are the parts held for plating and air wiping — is it a continuous belt of parts with the parts cut off after plating, or are they inserted into a bandolier? (I should be able to figure it out from the pics, I guess, but I can’t).

Luck & Regards,

ted_yosem
Ted Mooney, P.E. RET
Striving to live Aloha

finishing.com – Pine Beach, New Jersey



Need quick confidential answers? $25
Need project assistance? $100/hr.

The “air wipe” is the air to remove excessive chemical on the part surface after plating. The blower used is oil-free type. It is reel to reel plating, please refer to the pictures.

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We makeup the new tin bath on last Friday, but the problem still persists.

CSKoo
– SIngapore
July 14, 2025