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Ideal ratio of point TA/FA in zinc phosphating

What the optimum point of TA and FA in zinc phosphating and the ratio of TA/FA.
What the function existence of Ni in phosphating solution and are there limitation of Ni content in solution. I use NiSO4 in our solution are there better source of Nickel for phosphating solution?.
Thank you very much.

Made antana
pt duta mandiri - Bekasi, Indonesia
2006

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