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Oxide layer removal needed for adherent deposition?

Is it necessary to remove oxide layer on mild steel prior to nickel electroplating ,in any case what would be the end result? What should I do so that elfy test and bend test will be met successfully (means for strong, adherent and homogenous deposit from Watts bath). I did an experiment of depositing nickel 20 micrometer thick and heat treated it in inert atmosphere but the coating was not adherent in the end.

Mazhar ul Islam
researcher - Islamabad, Pakistan
2004

In brief, the steel must be cleaned to a waterbreak-free condition, rinsed, then acid-dipped and rinsed. Yes, the oxide layer must be removed for adherent plating.

Ted Mooney, P.E.
Striving to live Aloha
finishing.com - Pine Beach, New Jersey
Ted is available for instant help
or longer-term assistance.
2004

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