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0. Corrosion. Compatibility, Choosing a Finish

Preparation:

1a. Mechanical Prep

1b. Pretreatments

1c. Masking & Racking

Inorganic Finishing:

2a. Anodizing & Light Metals

2b. Electroplating & Electroforming

2c. Electroless Plating

2d. PVD, CVD, Vacuum Processes

2e. Galvanizing, Hot Dipping

2f. Black Oxide, Bluing, Coloring

2g. Other Inorganic Finishing Processes

Organic Finishing:

3a. Electropainting, Autophoretic

3b. Powder Coating

3c. Lacquers, Clearcoats

3d. Painting, Adhesives And Other Organic Coatings

Post-treatments:

4a. Chemical Post-treatments

4b. Baking & Non-chemical Post-treatments

4c. Stripping, Reworks, etc.

Supporting Issues:

5a. Analysis, Lab Technique, QA/QC

5b. Wastewater, Pollution

5c. Safety, Emissions, Toxicity

5d. Plant & Process Engineering

5e. Software, Specs, Books, Stats

5f. World Wide Word Of The Week

5g. RoHS, E-O-L, etc.

5h. Mostly metallurgy

6a. Hobbyists, Enthusiasts, Artists

6b. Research, Thesis work

6c. K-12 Science Projects, Elementary to High School

0. CORROSION, COMPATIBILITY, CHOOSING A FINISH . . .

48725. Coating of forming tooling [El Salvador] (May 8)
48717. Do I need a Bi-metallic transition plate or not? [New Zealand] (May 8)
48661. Does chlorine from insulation attack stainless steel at 450 C? [Iran] (May 1)
48660. How to dye stainless steel [India] (May 1)
48642. Anodized aluminum vs. galvanized steel for Asbury Park Boardwalk [New Jersey] (April 30)
48497. 316L stainless steel is rusting in boiling water [Greece] (April 30)
48636. Compatability of Plastic, Resin and Rodine [Brazil] (April 30)
48489. Pitting problems with 316L SST parts for filtering chloride solutions [India] (April 29)
48605. Copper/Galvalume Roof [Oregon] (April 29)
48610. Need corrosion resistant agent against heated inconel [Japan] (April 25)
48601. Insulation coating for CRCA steel [India] (April 25)
48256. Hexavalent / Trivalent coatings [India] (April 25)
48594. Manufacturing of Gas Cutting Nozzles [India] (April 25)
48498. Stainless steel grading device [Texas] (April 24)
48567. Corrosion potential: stainless equipment outdoors w/ galvanized anchors [Arkansas] (April 24)
48532. Matte black hard coating [Hong Kong] (April 24)
48101. How to clean rustiness from carbon steel pipes of gas turbine? [Saudi Arabia] (April 16)
48479. Compatibility of stainless steel with zinc nickel plating [Canada] (April 14)
48469. Blade corrosion when the aluminum spacer between two blades(stainless steel ) [China] (April 11)
48456. Impact of chlorine on different metals [India] (April 10)
48437. Metal Choice and Coating and for short outdoor durability [Israel] (April 9)
48425. Difference SS304 and SS17-4ph [Indonesia] (April 8)
48424. Compatibility of anodized aluminum and corten steel? [Rhode Island] (April 8)
48392. Plating/Coating for impact/corrosion resistance on small metal part [Michigan] (April 4)
48391. Compatibility of aluminum and galvanized steel [Philippines] (April 4)
48358. Coating Alternatives to Reduce Sharp Edges for Automotive Interior Stampings [Michigan] (April 4)
48328. Does camphor *really* prevent rust? [South Carolina] (April 4)
48055. What is the difference between anodizing and e-coating? [China] (April 3)
47963. Laser Scoring Stainless Steel [Missouri] (April 3)
47275. Alternate solution to Zinc Plating for threaded parts produced to dimensions that don't allow plating [Jordan] (April 3)
48344. High purity, cryo-applications 304L vs 316L [Oregon] (April 1)


1. PREPARATION . . .

1a. MECHANICAL PREP
[GRINDING, POLISHING, VIBRATORY FINISHING, BUFFING, HONING]


48716. Grit blasting SA 2.5 [Iraq] (May 8)
48694. How to achieve polished finish #7 on 316L stainless sheet? [China] (May 6)
48564. Pt16 surface finish parameter conversion [Michigan] (May 2)
48619. Procedure for polishing aluminum wheels [Florida] (April 28)
48540. How to prevent mirror polished steel from scratch? [Thailand] (April 23)
47961. What should be the life of Aluminium Oxide (Alumina) used for shot blasting? [India] (April 16)
48468. Machining range for 3.2 Ra [UAE] (April 11)
48343. Can shotblast magnetize steel? [UK] (April 8)
48374. How to polish 3/4" plates economically [Mexico] (April 7)

1b. PRETREATMENTS
[PICKLING, PASSIVATION, PHOSPHATIZING, CLEANING, ELECTROPOLISHING, ACTIVATION]


48741. Passivate Titanium per ASTM F86-04 [New York] (May 9)
48740. Passivation of 304L stainless tank in the field. [Texas] (May 9)
48709. Removal of carbon from molds for glass bottles [India] (May 7)
48681. Electro etching lead foil [Florida] (May 6)
30658. How does copper sulfate test for passivation work? [Indiana] (May 5)
48467. Silane primer or phosphating as an alternative to grit blasting? [Korea] (May 5)
48436. Metal on Metal - Zinc Phosphate [Arkansas] (April 30)
48529. Nano Technology vs Zinc Phosphating [India] (April 30)
34414. Bad finish (pitting or orange peel) on 316L SS tubing after electropolishing [Quebec] (April 30)
48631. Alternative process to chemical milling for aerospace [Turkey] (April 29)
48630. Parameters for nitric acid passivation of piping by circulation [India] (April 29)
48609. Parameters for anodic etching [England] (April 29)
48618. Removing or neutralizing sodium dichromate [Argentina] (April 28)
48561. Laser etch coming off after nitric passivation [Michigan] (April 28)
48600. How can I dissolve zinc oxide in phosphoric acid? [Iran] (April 25)
48530. Zinc phosphating - Process flow, requirements and specification [India] (April 24)
48528. Establishing maintenance schedules for derouging and passivation [Pennsylvania] (April 23)
48515. Passivated parts came back melted [Connecticut] (April 23)
47949. Should 420 grade passivated stainless rust in a 24 hour salt spray test? [New Jersey] (April 22)
48531. Getting eching marks in my electropolished SS pipes [India] (April 18)
48490. Citric or Nitric for medical implant passivation [Tennessee] (April 18)
47824. How to remove black coloured corrosion pitting marks on flapper valve steel? [India] (April 16)
48109. Difficulty Electropolishing 17-4 SS parts [India] (April 14)
48387. Passivating NiTi for a medical implant [California] (April 11)
48390. Citirc Passivation of 440C stainless steel [UK] (April 10)
48434. Corrosion resistance : passivation vs electropolishing [Canada] (April 9)
48433. Formulation Required about the Zinc Phosphate for MS [Pakistan] (April 9)
48107. Oversize bores after pickling [India] (April 9)
48389. When to stop pickling? [Iran] (April 8)
48388. Wetting agents for 304 pickle [Ireland] (April 4)
48252. White hazy finish after descaling Titanium [Canada] (April 3)
47877. Chemical polishing prior electropolishing [Canada] (April 3)
48357. Cleaning 3000 square foot of brass [Louisiana] (April 2)
48239. Olive green passivation as substitute to yellow passivation [India] (April 2)
48313. Skipping Phosphatizing Process for Aluminum Painting [Mexico] (April 1)
48295. Passive film formation and passivation [South Korea] (April 1)
48075. Rusty found on SS 420 material with Heat Treatment [Malaysia] (April 1)
48327. Citric acid passivation gel? [South Korea] (April 1)

1c. MASKING, RACKING, TAPING, PLUGGING, PHOTOSENSITIVE MASKS


48648. Any ways of de-waxing other than trichlorethelene? [UK] (May 8)
48665. How to do plastisol dip coating [Bosnia] (May 1)
48373. Removing Resist from Aluminum Substrate [Texas] (April 4)


2. INORGANIC FINISHING PROCESSES . . .

2a. ANODIZING AND LIGHT METAL TREATMENTS


48664. Chromating on aluminum - mil spec - must we do paint test, if we dont paint? [New York] (May 8)
48675. Black anodized aluminum discoloration at high temperatures [Canada] (May 6)
48672. Bulk anodizing [Texas] (May 6)
48693. Effect of high conc. of aluminium sulphate in hardcoat bath [India] (May 6)
48680. Increasing tin concentration (MSA base solution) [Indonesia] (May 5)
48635. Black Anodize IAW Mil-A-8625, Type ll, Class 2 .0002 Max Film Thickness [Massachusetts] (May 2)
48591. Sticky finish on hard coated part [Connecticut] (May 2)
48647. Anodizing Failed Salt Spray [Michigan] (May 2)
48560. Using Alocrom aluminum in oil and gas industry platforms [Malaysia] (April 29)
48617. Will Chem Film damage brass hardware [Arizona] (April 29)
48593. Level of corrosion resistance in base material (aluminium) - does it affect plating properties/process etc? [England] (April 25)
48592. How to polish an Anodized Aluminum profile [Canada] (April 25)
48454. Anodize tank cathodes GASSSING [New York] (April 24)
48551. Colorfastness Issues with Red Anodized Aluminum Flashlight Bodies [Nevada] (April 23)
48539. Discoloration on clear coat anodizing after shelving a while [Arizona] (April 22)
48164. Anodizing causes pitting? [Pennsylvania] (April 21)
48477. Anodize Dye Releases After Bake [Colorado] (April 15)
48169. Non-chrome pretreatment for aluminium [India] (April 14)
48478. I need high quality colored titanium [Egypt] (April 14)
48466. Henkel Spectrocolor [UK] (April 10)
48432. Tank cathode shields for chromic anodizing [North Carolina] (April 9)
48395. Hard Coat Thickness of .03" [Michigan] (April 8)
48372. Effect of sulphur oixide on MIL-C-5541, class 3 conversion coating [California] (April 8)
48371. Redying Laser Marked Anodized Areas [Colorado] (April 7)
48370. Commercial coating for 2024 aluminium fasteners [UK] (April 7)
48369. Type I Anodizing Question [Michigan] (April 7)
48419. Anodizing questions I need to ask [Malaysia] (April 7)
48400. Welding Materials (Welding Rods) that are incompatible for Anodizing [California] (April 7)
48368. Engineering hard anodizing of welded assembly [Canada] (April 4)
48265. How to repair the coating of hard anodization per MIL-A-8625 type III class 1? [China] (April 3)
48325. Black anodized aluminum fades differently depending on what was covering the surface [California] (April 1)
6885. Passivation of Titanium [Florida] (April 1)
48326. Anodized Aluminum colored black electolytically and hot sealed [Philippines] (April 1)

2b. ELECTROPLATING and ELECTROFORMING


48739. Need Nickel free and Cobalt free anthracite black on copper [India] (May 9)
48738. Jet Black Passivation turns brown [South Africa] (May 9)
48737. Salt Spray standard for Satin Nickel [California] (May 9)
48724. What is this 60 year old scuba regulator finish [California] (May 8)
48715. Ni-Cad coatings problems [Jordan] (May 8)
48714. Accelerated test failures of plating on Zamak 3 [Canada] (May 8)
48679. Regarding whether brass material CuZn39PB3 is suitable for chrome plating? [Hong Kong] (May 7)
48628. What type of plating is best for wire bonding? [Malaysia] (May 2)
47757. Alkaline Zinc Plating [India] (May 2)
48629. Chlorinated cleaners are ruining ruin our customers' nickel-chrome fixtures [South Carolina] (May 2)
48616. Wear Resistance in Hard Chrome Plating [UAE] (May 1)
48641. Hexavalent nickel chrome plating peel off on SS 409 [India] (April 30)
48615. White rust on zinc plated parts with a trivalent chromate seal [Pennsylvania] (April 29)
48614. Can Customer Prohibit Cyanide in Zinc Plating? [Mexico] (April 28)
48613. Poor covering power in zinc plating process [Turkey] (April 28)
47567. Trying to get away from CN in our silver bath [California] (April 28)
48599. Specs for adding a copper layer to chrome plating process? [Canada] (April 28)
48367. Trivalent chrome plating [India] (April 25)
48590. Alkaline Zinc plating on Acid Zinc plating for cast iron materials - process description [India] (April 25)
48577. What exactly is Nanoplating? [Mexico] (April 24)
48574. Rust is appearing on the I.D. of parts after zinc rack plating [Indiana] (April 24)
48251. Rust in Threaded Holes Caused By Zinc Plating Process [Illinois] (April 24)
48554. Plating on Titanium [California] (April 22)
48553. Plating compatibility chart for electronic products? [Massachusetts] (April 22)
48505. Spotting on the nickel tank [Pennsylvania] (April 22)
48527. Spots, pinpoints and blackish color in nickel plating [India] (April 22)
47837. Plating onto titanium [California] (April 21)
48452. Problem occuring in silver plating [India] (April 21)
48495. Alkaline zinc plating [India] (April 18)
48492. Grounding Rod Plating [India] (April 18)
48487. How can rust be avoided after Ni-Cd plating process? [Jordan] (April 18)
48453. Black zinc for exterior application? [Australia] (April 18)
48293. Problems with grinding thin wall hard chromed parts. [Massachusetts] (April 18)
48514. HELP! Satin nickel finish doesn't match what we did last year [Washington] (April 18)
48157. Cracked hard chrome [England] (April 16)
48496. NICKEL FLASH - THICKNESS SPECIFICATION [California] (April 16)
48476. Show Quality Chrome Specs [Canada] (April 14)
48464. Welding pin holes [India] (April 11)
48431. Trivalent chromium(TriMacIII Supplied by Macdermid) give the parts a uneven color----Yellow somewhere [China] (April 11)
48465. Ni-Plating Compatible Aluminum Die-Casting Alloys [Belgium] (April 10)
48057. Zinc plated passivated and sealed zn-foundry parts [Spain] (April 10)
48276. Rinsing time before electroplating [Pakistan] (April 9)
48341. What can be done with nickel phonograph matrix masters [Australia] (April 8)
48418. Black hardware solutions? [Washington] (April 4)
48168. Pot Metal Nightmares! [Wisconsin] (April 3)
48033. Problem in cyanide zinc plating [India] (April 3)
48334. Purpose of Topcoat? [India] (April 2)
48342. Nickel plating not bright enough [Pakistan] (April 1)
48318. FDA aluminum coating for caustic wash-down [Canada] (April 1)
48207. Need assistance finding an effect reagent or other methods of detection of potential contaminants. [Florida] (April 1)

2c. ELECTROLESS PLATING, PLATING ON PLASTICS, IMMERSION PLATING


48736. Passivating stainless steel to prevent EN plating from depositing on it [Utah] (May 9)
48735. Electroless Cu Plating and Electrolytic Nickel Plating resistance [Hong Kong] (May 9)
48513. How does one stop plating on a part/portion of an ABS enclosure? [India] (May 8)
48598. Ni Plating thickness on Aluminum for solderability? [California] (May 5)
48430. "Worming" in chrome plated ABS - likely causes? [Michigan] (May 2)
48589. Nickel chemical plating [Israel] (April 25)
48559. EN Plating, and choosing 7075 vs 6061 [Singapore] (April 24)
48550. Temperature Limits for Nickel-Phosphorus Plating [Israel] (April 24)
47716. Plating Electroless Nickel onto Aluminium [Portugal] (April 18)
48475. Electroless Nickel and 260-280 KSI 4340 - Any known issues or problems [California] (April 18)
48386. EN plating on zinc diecast part without copper flash [India] (April 7)
48356. Mirror finish electroless nickel [India] (April 2)
48355. Electroless nickel plating corrosion test standard [Indonesia] (April 2)
48275. Niquel wood a tambor [Spain] (April 1)
48047. Worse adhesion of EN after chemical polishing C75 (high carbon steel) [Switzerland] (April 1)

2d. PVD, CVD, ION IMPLANTATION, VACUUM PROCESSES


48692. Possible Cause of Surface Finish of Plastic Components being Vacuum Metallized [UK] (May 6)
48429. PVD Coating of Nickel Nitride [India] (April 30)
48627. PVD or other treatment to improve the scratch resistance of stainless steel [Hong Kong] (April 30)
48312. Removal of Ooganic contaminents from activated carbon powder [India] (April 25)
48311. Electroform defect on nickel sulfamate [Taiwan] (April 11)

2e. GALVANIZING, ALUMINIZING, HOT TIN DIPPING


48734. The effect on HDG of sulphur in the steel [Turkey] (May 9)
48723. Suitability of copper slag for sweep blasting of galvanized steel [UAE] (May 8)
48691. What is the color and finish of hot dip galvanising as per Standards [India] (May 6)
48678. Best Suited Non-electric Heater for Galvanising [India] (May 6)
48659. Inhibition layer in hot-dip galvanized coatings [Iran] (May 1)
48597. Contamination of flux [India] (April 28)
48588. Galvanizing A153 Class B-1 vs. B-2 [Connecticut] (April 25)
48046. Problems in welding galvanneal [Brazil] (April 21)
48526. Disposal of galvanizing flux [Scotland] (April 21)
48428. Strange formation of zinc ash on galvanizing bath and in recycling unit [Netherlands] (April 16)
48385. Galvanizing is powdering off of part [India] (April 11)

2f. BLACK OXIDE, BLUING, COLORING, PATINATING


48674. Tell me about Blackodising Process [India] (May 2)
48634. Can 15-5 PH Stainless H900 be Black Oxide Coated [New York] (April 30)
48587. 'Shelf-life' of 300 series stainless with black oxide finish [Illinois] (April 25)
48188. Blackening steel for shopfitting items [Australia] (April 1)

2g. OTHER INORGANIC FINISHING PROCESSES
[PORCELAIN, FLAME SPRAY, HVOF, MECHANICAL PLATING]


48690. Which External Thread Gauge ( M28*1.5 ) to use before and after Sursulf coating? [India] (May 6)
48586. CVD vs "Traditional Plating" highly polished 202 Stainless Steel [Tennessee] (April 25)
48417. Al coating, application advise and life cycle prediction [Turkey] (April 7)
48340. Distortion of Geometrical Dimension at Nitriding Process [India] (April 4)


3. ORGANIC FINISHING PROCESSES . . .

3a. ELECTROPAINT PRIMING, AUTOPHORETIC COATINGS


48383. Bowing of thin aluminum roll formed parts during the e-coat process before the ovens [North Carolina] (April 21)
48504. E-Coating Demands in India? [Canada] (April 16)

3b. POWDER COATING


48566. Cloudy and easily marred powder coated finish [California] (April 25)
48463. Marble or wood finish powder coating [Australia] (April 21)
48525. Additional test failed of powder coating zinc-plated material [India] (April 21)
48524. Powder Coating - fail impact test (160 in-lbs) and Salt Fog Test 500hrs [Malaysia] (April 21)
48045. Pinholes in powdercoating [Scotland] (April 18)
48310. Powder coating material: exterior uv resistant [New York] (April 4)
48309. Color matching powder to paint [Texas] (April 1)

3c. LACQUERS, CLEAR COATS, ELECTROPHORETIC TINTING, ANTI-TARNISH


46728. How to Distinguish / Confirm Electrophoretic Coating ? [India] (April 18)
47579. Electroless nickel coating on titanium alloy Ti6Al4V [Canada] (February 21)

3d. PAINTING, ADHESIVES AND OTHER ORGANIC COATINGS


48733. NC Lacquer does not flow properly on paper [India] (May 9)
48658. Chrome Plating on Valox [Hungary] (May 5)
48512. Surface preparation of stainless steel before painting [France] (May 2)
48626. Zinc hurts welders, so what is the weld performance of organically sealed steel? [New York] (April 29)
48573. Methods/materials for repainting the town commerative WWII 105mm Howitzer [Ohio] (April 24)
48549. Need help to calculate vapour content in air [Singapore] (April 22)
48538. Teflon Coated Blots versus Lubricant [California] (April 22)
47992. Clear Coat Sealing for Outdoor Commercial Aluminum Table Tops [Tennessee] (April 14)
48451. Problems of painting on aluminium gravity die cast items [India] (April 11)
48382. Adhesion problem in firearms -- varnish to rubber [Connecticut] (April 4)
48308. Water borne paint spraying - electrostatic? [California] (April 1)


4. POST-TREATMENTS

4a. CHEMICAL POST-TREATMENTS
[CHROMATE CONVERSION COATINGS, RUST PREVENTATIVES]


48657. De-leading of brass parts to pass NSPF leach test [Indiana] (May 1)
21527. Body chemistry and sterling silver [Georgia] (April 25)
48585. Low voc clear coat dip for brass decorative parts [California] (April 24)
48307. Copper Patina Finish, but NOT Green Finish [New Jersey] (April 21)
48493. What is the formula of black free [Pakistan] (April 16)

4b. BAKING AND NON-CHEMICAL POST-TREATMENTS:
[HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT AND DE-EMBRITTLEMENT, ANNEALING, WHISKERS, SOLDERING, REFLOWING]


48732. Hydrogen deembrittlement [India] (May 9)
48731. Stainless Steel 316L Discoloration [Texas] (May 9)
48584. Brittle brake washer after zinc plating [France] (April 29)
48565. Stress relieve between stripping and cadmium plating? [England] (April 24)
48354. H measurement techniques [Washington] (April 14)

4c. STRIPPING, REWORKS, ETC.


48339. Denickeling from dead weights [India] (May 2)
48596. Stripping gold from copper and nickel substrates [Connecticut] (April 25)
48423. De-lacquering new hardware [Massachusetts] (April 8)
48416. Best product to strip Nickel from Copper [California] (April 4)
48044. Removal of copper plating from zinc and/or lead [Connecticut] (April 1)


5. SUPPORTING ISSUES

5a. ANALYSIS, LAB TECHNIQUE, Q.A.


48730. Disposing of a used X-ray thickness tester [New York] (May 9)
48722. Etchant for Revealing Flowlines of Aluminum [Germany] (May 8)
48708. Analytical methods for measuring fluoride in water [Iran] (May 8)
48697. Corrosion on Zinc-Nickel Plating with Trivalent Chromate [Illinois] (May 8)
24982. Sludge from cadmium stripping blinds filter [Pennsylvania] (May 6)
48450. What equipment can analyze plating solution? [Egypt] (May 6)
48646. Nickel Sulfate Calculation Problems [Connecticut] (May 5)
48548. Testing for Fluoboric Acid in Pickle Using Phenolphthalein Indicator [California] (April 25)
48523. Test method for gluconate in caustic etch baths [UK] (April 22)
48274. What is the perfect instrument to measure exact micron tin plating over brass [India] (April 11)
48366. Correct operation of salt spray tests during weekends [Mexico] (April 4)
48146. Concentration of collected solution for salt spray test is too low [China] (April 1)
48145. Testing virgin ferric chloride etching grade [Missouri] (April 1)
48085. Cyanide spot-test reagents [Scotland] (April 1)

5b. WASTE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL


48707. DM water leaves black stain on aluminum machined jobs [India] (May 8)
48640. Electroplating Cr / Sludge evaporation / Cr emissions? [Canada] (May 6)
48656. What is difference between Zeolite and Resin? [India] (May 5)
48625. Neutralizing and disposing of spent acids from stripping gold from e-waste [Massachusetts] (April 29)
48608. Water Supply for Computer Controlled Cyclic Corrosion Test Chamber (CCT) [Ohio] (April 25)
48521. Is Cathode-only plating possible for metal recovery [Florida] (April 21)
48522. What is the best metal to do a cell for electrolysis [Ireland] (April 18)
48144. How to neutralize the waste sludge from cleaning chrome plating tank [Pakistan] (April 16)
48365. Dissolved Ni Removal [Illinois] (April 10)
48414. Compatability of Deionized Water and Aluminum [California] (April 7)
48398. Exceeding TKN limits [Connecticut] (April 7)
48381. How to maintain the pH of water in industry? [India] (April 7)
48415. Chromium reduction problem [Malaysia] (April 4)
48353. Resin regeneration [UK] (April 4)
48143. Why pH of drinking water remains 7 after demineralizing? [India] (April 3)
48061. Is carbon plate used for cathodes a special type? [Mexico] (April 3)
48119. Usage of SS316 material in purified water distribution loop [India] (April 1)

5c. SAFETY ISSUES, EMISSIONS, TOXICITY


48607. Exposure to silver [Canada] (May 8)
48115. How to remove hard chrome stains from hands and arms? [Mexico] (April 22)

5d. PLANT & PROCESS ENGINEERING, CONSTRUCTION


48671. Material of Construction for Passivate Tank [Georgia] (May 8)
48519. Cooling Coils for Acid Tin Bath [India] (May 5)
48502. Heating your vats to temperature [Illinois] (May 2)
48474. Testing of FRP Tank [India] (April 24)
48520. Recycling used aluminium printing sheets [Saudi Arabia] (April 21)
48462. Sulfuric acid fume control standards [Michigan] (April 14)
48413. To remove ferric ammonium ferrocyanide from wastewater [New York] (April 8)

5e. QUESTIONS ABOUT SOFTWARE, SPECS, BOOKS, INDUSTRY STATISTICS, ETC.


48288. Fe/Zn 8 C5 [Taiwan] (April 18)
48449. Specification Needed [North Carolina] (April 15)
48448. Ever heard of MS C Cu8 finish? [Tennessee] (April 10)
48221. What is the difference between MIL-C-5541E and MIL-DTL-541F? [Minnesota] (April 10)
48397. Surface treatment details required: PH AU MN/HE [India] (April 4)

5f. WORLD WIDE WORD OF THE WEEK
[LINGO, TRADE NAMES, TRANSLATIONS]


48558. Calcium aluminum treatment [Canada] (April 29)
48263. Zinc Mat Coating [Turkey] (March 26)
48163. Ford ESF-M10P1-A Hexavalent Chromate Specification [Missouri] (March 14)

5g. CHROMATE REPLACEMENT & THE EUROPEAN END-OF-LIFE DIRECTIVE; Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr REPLACEMENTS.


48673. Trivalent vs Hexavalent passivation [India] (May 5)
47978. Trivalent passivation yellow or iridescent [India] (April 24)
48488. General purpose specification to replace ASTM B633 [South Carolina] (April 16)

5h. MOSTLY METALLURGY


48338. Is Decarburization on my spherdized tube affected more adversely by acid than rust is. [Mississippi] (April 1)
48272. How to demagnetise 410 stainless steel? [India] (April 1)


6a. ARTISTS, HOBBYISTS, CAR BUFFS, HOME OWNERS, ETC.


48729. My GM dealer says the peeling chrome wheels on my G6 are MY FAULT!!! [West Virginia] (May 9)
48706. Two-color anodizing by sandblasting [Minnesota] (May 8)
48704. Artist can't achieve good green patina on Tiffany lampshades? [Washington] (May 8)
48703. Removing rust from sheet metal auto parts by immersion [Florida] (May 8)
48702. Can I electropolish my Delorean SS car body? [Singapore] (May 8)
48713. Cold compatibility issues with aluminum, fiberglass, copper and sterling/fine silver? [Michigan] (May 8)
48712. What showerhead won't rust or corrode quickly [Hawaii] (May 8)
48292. Brazing sheet metal formed as a bell. [Canada] (May 8)
48688. Bronze artist wants a rich black patina [California] (May 7)
48705. Want to make my own vibratory plating system [Indonesia] (May 7)
48689. Oil rubbed bronze foil or flat metal sheets? [Ohio] (May 6)
48668. How to restore finish on turn of century black cast iron drafting table base [Texas] (May 5)
48639. Artist's paints won't adhere to prepainted metal [Georgia] (May 5)
48684. Tanker Desk and Vintage Office Furniture - Polished Exposed Steel? [Michigan] (May 5)
48683. Sandblast, cleaning = flash rust. Will dilute phosphoric acid help? [Texas] (May 5)
48677. Where to buy galvanized tin rolls [New Mexico] (May 5)
48654. Gravity, Drips and Powdercoating [South Carolina] (May 2)
48501. Can I clear coat over bare aluminum? [Montana] (May 2)
48655. Substitute for brushed nickel finish on hardware [Florida] (May 1)
48645. Cleaning polished steel curio cabinet [New York] (May 1)
48638. How to get multicoloring on light gauge metal silhouettes cut with plasma torch? [Canada] (April 30)
48606. Dock hardware; Galvanized or Stainless Steel? [Kentucky] (April 30)
48582. Stains in julep cups [Kentucky] (April 30)
48624. Accidentally blackened the aluminum hub of stainless spoked wheels on 1981 BMW 750 [Florida] (April 30)
48364. Need to find Hawes Lemon Oil being sold in my area, Windsor Ontario Canada. [Canada] (April 29)
48557. Treatments for firearm slides [Nevada] (April 29)
48572. Restoration of the magnesium on 1934 race car [Washington] (April 29)
48583. Slick proofing my jon boat [Oklahoma] (April 29)
48595. How good is the PVD process for "chrome plating" wheels [Pennsylvania] (April 25)
48556. Removing rust from cast iron toy elephant [Idaho] (April 25)
48581. Welding Cor ten Steel [The Netherlands] (April 24)
48534. White Copper Jewelry [South Carolina] (April 24)
48506. Road rash on front bumper [Canada] (April 24)
48546. Painting plexiglass translucently [New York] (April 23)
48545. Want to refinish rifle, but not let chemicals into the barrel [Indiana] (April 23)
48552. Painting metal trim on shower door [Arkansas] (April 22)
48535. Getting galvanize to look rustic [Louisiana] (April 22)
48547. Restoring an Aluminum Billet Grille [England] (April 22)
48537. Refinish Vintage Tanker Desk - Exposed Metal - Polish, Burnish, Wax, or Clear Coat? [Michigan] (April 22)
48536. How to unplate another metal off of gold [Missouri] (April 21)
48533. Stripping steel cabinets [Illinois] (April 21)
48491. Is Hydrogen Embrittlement a Concern in Mild Steel [Texas] (April 21)
48262. How to prep parts for hot dip galvanizing... [Connecticut] (April 16)
48027. Recovering scrap gold and platinum plated tweezers [California] (April 15)
48482. Nickel plating on brass train models - restoration [Austria] (April 14)
48473. Need product to remove light oxidation from anodized aluminum [New York] (April 14)
48447. Corroding Chrome Wheels on a 2002 Jeep Grand Cherokee [Ohio] (April 14)
48483. How to turn sandblasted copper sculpture orange again? [Canada] (April 11)
48461. Anodized aluminum question [Utah] (April 10)
48446. Need More Specifics for Powder Coating Surface Preparation [Michigan] (April 10)
48411. Corrosion Resistance of JYH21CT Stainless Steel [Colorado] (April 4)
48412. Looking to either chrome, anodize or other for aluminum [Texas] (April 4)
48380. What is "carbon cost" of bronze? [Washington] (April 4)
48379. Jewelers tool supply shop etchants [Mexico] (April 4)
48352. I am getting cracks in the clear coat in my aluminum rims and they are corroding under it [Minnesota] (April 4)
48332. Where can you find Japanese Urushi lacquers? [Washington] (April 3)
48299. Stainless Steel Cookware for induction cooking? [Florida] (April 3)
48298. Aluminum cleaner hazed up my polished engine [Texas] (April 3)
48280. Sealing leaky rivets in aluminum boat [Florida] (April 3)
48324. Titration Chemicals for Copper Electroforming Bath [Washington] (April 1)
48305. Removing oxidation from a copper lantern [Washington] (April 1)
48304. What type of paint will cover a zinc plated rack [Canada] (April 1)
48300. Coloring galvanized water taps [Bangladesh] (April 1)
48218. In need of a cheap "chrome plating" kit. [Florida] (April 1)
48200. I need help cleaning a a ship's porthole. I've already used steel wool. [South Carolina] (April 1)
47709. What are the alloys in 22k India gold? [California] (April 1)

6b. RESEARCH, THESIS TOPICS, UNIVERSITY & POST-GRAD STUDENTS


48728. How do flow rate, amp-hours and pH relate to the thickness of the Ni on a stamper? [Singapore] (May 9)
48721. How to get A6061 and A359 required for research work? [India] (May 8)
48711. How to make nitric acid? [Jordan] (May 8)
48652. Plating zinc onto stainless steel? [Turkey] (May 8)
48696. Electrode potentials of MP35N alloy and Nitinol [Colorado] (May 7)
48687. Jeweler's rhodium plating starts coming out black? [Philippines] (May 6)
48604. Painting an old trailer [Pennsylvania] (May 5)
48676. Anodizing whole wafer of Aluminum [Louisiana] (May 5)
48667. How the pH varies during ammoniacal etching? [India] (May 2)
48653. The effects of cyanide, specifically on the organelles [Australia] (May 2)
48643. How to get Gold Layer to adhere to Metallic Sulfides [Illinois] (May 1)
48622. How to do Chemical Etching of Silver? What stopoff? [England] (May 1)
48623. Coating palladium on black chromium for solar collectors [Malaysia] (April 29)
48544. Alternative to Chemical Milling [Turkey] (April 29)
48543. Seeking very slow wet etching of Ti [Japan] (April 25)
48580. So let me see if I have it for electroplating gold. [Ireland] (April 24)
48571. Need to find an electroless tin-bismuth plating formula [Texas] (April 24)
48396. Fuzzy Copper Electroforming [Missouri] (April 24)
48460. Formation of manganese oxides [India] (April 24)
48409. Effects of oxidation of silver for conductivity [India] (April 21)
48445. Nickel electroplating on Copper electrode in a nickel sulfamate + boric acid heat bath [Singapore] (April 16)
48377. Duplex black chromium coating on aluminium, zinc and SS [Malaysia] (April 10) 2nd Request
48444. NICKEL PLATING FOR BRASS ADAPTERS [India] (April 10)
48427. Chrome Plating -- how to determine required thickness [Saudi Arabia] (April 9)
48410. What coatings for steel cord used in tires? [India] (April 4)
48408. Difference between paint and surface coating [Malaysia] (April 4)
48407. Pickling to increase surface roughness [South Korea] (April 4)
48406. Nickel plating on low-resistance silicon [China] (April 4)
48378. Silver plating on nickel [Iran] (April 4)
48351. Etching Titanium with Hydrofluoric Acid [Korea] (April 4)
48350. Does Acid/Alkalinity exposure to galvanized surface simulate flooding exposure? [Missouri] (April 4)
48363. Selling Excess Chemicals? [Ohio] (April 3)
48362. Outgassing rate reduction using Xenon backfill [Texas] (April 3)
48244. How may I soften stainless steel [India] (April 1)
48214. Heat of reaction: Hess's Law [Canada] (April 1)

6c. K-12 SCIENCE PROJECTS, GRAMMAR & HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT QUESTIONS


48663. Copper recovery from scrap [India] (May 1)
48603. Feasibility report in metal finishing [Nigeria] (April 25)
47900. What are the chemical reactions to a penny [California] (April 15)
47899. If pure water does not conduct electricity then how come pure water can kill you? [Virginia] (April 15)
48405. Electricity from water [India] (April 11)
48404. !!!Urgent !!! I need expert chemist advice, please, not much time left!!! [New York] (April 4)
48174. What metal would be best for electroplating with copper? [Colorado] (April 2)


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