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0. Corrosion. Compatibility, Choosing a Finish

Preparation:

1a. Mechanical Prep

1b. Pretreatments

1c. Masking & Racking

Inorganic Finishing:

2a. Anodizing & Light Metals

2b. Electroplating & Electroforming

2c. Electroless Plating

2d. PVD, CVD, Vacuum Processes

2e. Galvanizing, Hot Dipping

2f. Black Oxide, Bluing, Coloring

2g. Other Inorganic Finishing Processes

Organic Finishing:

3a. Electropainting, Autophoretic

3b. Powder Coating

3c. Lacquers, Clearcoats

3d. Painting, Adhesives And Other Organic Coatings

Post-treatments:

4a. Chemical Post-treatments

4b. Baking & Non-chemical Post-treatments

4c. Stripping, Reworks, etc.

Supporting Issues:

5a. Analysis, Lab Technique, QA/QC

5b. Wastewater, Pollution

5c. Safety, Emissions, Toxicity

5d. Plant & Process Engineering

5e. Software, Specs, Books, Stats

5f. World Wide Word Of The Week

5g. RoHS, E-O-L, etc.

5h. Mostly metallurgy

6a. Hobbyists, Enthusiasts, Artists

6b. Research, Thesis work

6c. K-12 Science Projects, Elementary to High School

0. CORROSION, COMPATIBILITY, CHOOSING A FINISH . . .

49721. HR Aluminium Paint vs. Passivation [India] (August 20)
49665. How to tell Ferritic Stainless Steel from plain steel? [New York] (August 18)
49666. Types of finishes that can reach 200 hour salt spray. [Oregon] (August 15)
49664. Different approaches to Black "Plating" Aluminum [Pennsylvania] (August 15)
49458. Concentrated H2SO4 is stored in mild steel tank; what about condensation? [South Africa] (August 14)
49642. Durability of Bright Dip anodizing vs Chrome Plating [North Carolina] (August 12)
49619. How to identify 304 stainless steel [North Carolina] (August 12)
49618. Reaction of Corten with Stainless Steel 304 [England] (August 12)
49544. Corrosion of stainless steel with diluted sulphuric acid [Egypt] (August 5)
49523. Zinc plating vs. galvanizing for hollow metal doors? [Puerto Rico] (August 4)
49522. Coating for industrial steel desks? [Arizona] (August 4)
49496. 316L isn't resisting sea water. Will 317L? [India] (August 1)
49442. Need Surface Finish polishing or coating for a small Plastic Worm Gear Injection Mold [Tennessee] (July 28)
48971. Corrosion resistant, Rohs Compliant, Black Coating, Conductive [California] (July 28)
49267. How can I protect stainless steel pipes from Chlorides and Chlorine corrosion [Ireland] (July 25)
49400. Corrosion resistant coating for rock bit bearing races [India] (July 23)
49269. Resistance of SS 304 to ozone at 1.5 PPM [Kenya] (July 23)
49413. Galvanic Corrosion Between SS and Anodized Aluminium? [India] (July 22)
49389. Low cost replacement material for stainless steel [Arizona] (July 22)
49388. Can SST 304 stand cyclohexanone and cyclopentanon [Vietnam] (July 19)
49352. What coating for deep drawn stainless steel form tools [Michigan] (July 16)
49351. Corrosion resistant black finish for Bronze [California] (July 16)
49317. Filling casting grooves with tin or zinc [Connecticut] (July 14)
49248. Anti-adhesion coating for copper parts heated at 350C [France] (July 14)
48601. Insulation coating for CRCA steel [India] (July 10)
49240. Copper/aluminum corrosion in hot water [Kansas] (July 9)
49103. Galvanic Reaction: Galvanised Flanges with Stainless Bolts? [South Africa] (July 3)
49198. Stainless compatability with trivalent CCC on aluminum casting [Ohio] (July 3)
49125. Stainless fasteners to be used poolside ? [England] (June 30)
49013. Ceramic Coating for Biomass Gasification Environment? [Vermont] (June 16)

1. PREPARATION . . .

1a. MECHANICAL PREP
[GRINDING, POLISHING, VIBRATORY FINISHING, BUFFING, HONING]


49641. Field restoration of stainless steel #4 brush finish damaged by transit [Pennsylvania] (August 13)
49537. Vibration Finish(Non-directional finish) on Stainless Steel [India] (August 7)
49568. Need mirror polish and corrosion resistance on 316 [Wisconsin] (August 7)
49479. Restoring satin finish to DeLorean panels with hand held rotary wheel [Georgia] (July 31)
49141. Mirror polishing a weld joint between stainless steel sheets [Indonesia] (July 30)
49181. What plastic media for blasting ADC6 aluminum castings? [India] (July 22)
49387. Removing Black Stain from High Tensile Allen Bolt [India] (July 22)
49299. OBTAINING 4A FINISH IN STAINLESS STEEL TANKS [Michigan] (July 18)
49079. Material used for sand blasting in aviation field [UAE] (June 24)
49053. Satin finish mild steel [Mississippi] (June 24)
49052. How to achieve diecast-like finish on machined aluminum? [Minnesota] (June 24)

1b. PRETREATMENTS
[PICKLING, PASSIVATION, PHOSPHATIZING, CLEANING, ELECTROPOLISHING, ACTIVATION]


49720. Nano-ceramic on aluminium (aluminum) [Hungary] (August 21)
49707. Yellow rust formation before zinc phosphating of tubes [China] (August 20)
49686. Pin Rust and Spot Rust forming on CRCA Product [India] (August 15)
49663. White patches in electropolishing [Malaysia] (August 15)
49519. Electropolishing SUS 304 Problem [China] (August 13)
49640. How to degrease aluminum honeycomb core? [Korea] (August 13)
49018. Steel wire pickle green surface [Indiana] (August 11)
49605. Nitric acid passivation procedure [Pakistan] (August 8)
49399. Detailed operational parameters for 7-tank phosphating process [India] (August 8)
49567. Cleaning of Alumina Ceramics [India] (August 6)
49566. 302 stainless steel springs salt water corrosion [Italy] (August 6)
49543. Material hardness required prior to passivation? [California] (August 5)
49491. Stainless Steel Handrails are rusting in under a month [UAE] (August 5)
49521. Flash Rusting on CRS Profiles in a Zinc Phosphating Process [Saudi Arabia] (August 4)
49520. Precleaning of castings for coating [India] (August 1)
49457. Etch on printing plates is too rough and cratered [Massachusetts] (July 31)
49483. Bead Blasting vs Citric Acid Passivation [Massachusetts] (July 31)
49441. Precautions when using chemicals for passivation [Singapore] (July 30)
49350. Welded SUS430 part failed in salt spray test [Hong Kong] (July 25)
49426. Molybdenum Phosphate Conversions... on Cadmium? [Florida] (July 25)
49316. Passivating a brazed 440C assembly [California] (July 23)
49315. Maximum time limit on nitric acid passivation [Indiana] (July 23)
49386. Need to polish or smooth inside of 1/16" Titanium tube [California] (July 22)
49260. Holes in electropolished SS 316LVM [Spain] (July 16)
49246. Chemical reaction of cold phosphating [India] (July 9)
49236. Baking after passivation for Custom465 [Israel] (July 9)
49223. Bright annealed stainless ... different shades? Why do they go brown? [UK] (July 8)
49076. Poor adhesion on stain steel metals because of glue [Mexico] (July 8)
49102. Removal of "blueing" on SAF 2507 welds [Australia] (July 7)
49179. Do I need to passivate a SS tank if storing only vegetable oil? [Missouri] (July 3)
49121. 400 series passivation [South Carolina] (July 3)
49197. Electro Polishing Surface Quality on Curved Surfaces [Georgia] (July 2)
49180. Electrochemical etching on S.S. [India] (July 1)
49048. Phosphate and oil finish degrading? [California] (June 26)
48740. Passivation of 304L stainless tank in the field. [Texas] (June 26)
49124. Substitute for cyanide in cleaning solution [Mexico] (June 25)
49086. Can't remove residue and rust on Inconel pipes [UK] (June 23)
49030. Electro Chemical De-burring of Micro Surgical Knife [India] (June 20)
49063. Electro polishing [Canada] (June 19)
49049. Pretreatment discoloration [India] (June 18)
48960. How to electropolish H13 steel [Venezuela] (June 17)
48741. Passivate Titanium per ASTM F86-04 [New York] (June 17)
49031. Crack in deep drawn components after pre treatment [India] (June 17)
49012. Conversion coating without painting [Iran] (June 13)

1c. MASKING, RACKING, TAPING, PLUGGING, PHOTOSENSITIVE MASKS


49565. What type of clip is used to hold parts in EN/BN? [Tennessee] (August 7)
49047. Perfect Electroless Nickel Rack? [New York] (June 26)

2. INORGANIC FINISHING PROCESSES . . .

2a. ANODIZING AND LIGHT METAL TREATMENTS


49735. UV Reflective Finish Needed on Aluminum [Oregon] (August 21)
49734. Expected variation in plating thickness from specified thickness [Vermont] (August 21)
49679. Hard coat anodize coloration problem [Indiana] (August 20)
49719. Anodize parts being tacky [Washington] (August 20)
49564. Removing excess aluminum from Sulfuric Acid anodizing [Connecticut] (August 18)
49678. Outgassing properties of dichromate treatment on magnesium [Canada] (August 18)
49518. Pitting on AL 6061 T6 die (tool) [Minnesota] (August 14)
49645. Polished aluminium lifetime for outdoor application [France] (August 14)
49639. Anodizing of Brass [North Carolina] (August 13)
49638. Protecting Aluminum Anodize from High pH Environments [Michigan] (August 13)
49637. MIL-8625F anodizing and RoHS compliance [Canada] (August 13)
49604. Tumblers vs. Racking for Anodized Parts [Florida] (August 11)
49536. Copper contamination in chromic anodizing solution [Spain] (August 6)
49542. Calculating phos anodize current density [Kansas] (August 5)
49541. Chemistry of Hard Anodizing [California] (August 5)
49540. Passivate Titanium Implants [Texas] (August 5)
49001. Nickel plating thickness requirement for bus bars [Canada] (August 5)
27990. Anodizing Flakes Off of 7075 Parts [New Jersey] (August 5)
49517. Electrical resistance of Type III Hardcoat Anodize [Hawaii] (August 4)
49480. Black anodize won't pass seal testing [Ohio] (July 31)
49440. Grade of Aluminum suitable for Pressure die casting and Anodising [India] (July 29)
49425. Which acid to use to neutralize and brighten alkaline etched cast Aluminium? [Australia] (July 28)
49439. Using a Class B Etchant to remove an oxide layer from NaOH on Ti-6Al-4V [Texas] (July 25)
48999. PITTING OF ALUMINIUM 6063 EXTRUDED PARTS DURING ANODIZING [India] (July 23)
49375. Foam layer growing on Anodizing & Electrocolouring baths [Saudi Arabia] (July 21)
49362. Need A380 Aluminum finish process that looks like stainless steel [Michigan] (July 17)
49349. Composition of black anodized Al part [Florida] (July 16)
49292. Aluminum parts impossible to separate after service [Virginia] (July 16)
49291. Clear Chromate developing dark spots [North Carolina] (July 14)
2459. Discoloration of Black Anodized Aluminum Parts [Pennsylvania] (July 14)
49298. Aluminium in concrete. Life expectancy [UK] (July 11)
49268. Discoloration of anodic film after welding [Canada] (July 10)
49142. Chromicoat L25 won't plate to 2024-T3 Aluminum [Illinois] (July 10)
49029. Do I need multiple rectifiers for anodizing? [India] (July 10)
49250. Anodized parts, part mark won't cure [Colorado] (July 10)
49245. How to do contact resistance test of Conversion Coating? [Switzerland] (July 9)
49195. Hardware Requirements for Chemfiming? [California] (July 7)
49120. Longevity of Electopolished Aluminum vs. Brite dip [Missouri] (July 7)
48986. Effects of acid etching on different 2024 tempers [New York] (July 7)
48908. Chromic acid anodize ramp-up time [Texas] (July 7)
10688. Black spot on anodic film [Canada] (July 7)
49213. In which order can I proceed with OAC, OAD, Alodine [France] (July 3)
49178. How to get Satin Matte finish for Anodizing [India] (July 3)
49101. Compatibility of Type III Anodized Aluminum and Stainless Steel [North Carolina] (July 3)
48995. Aluminum pulleys seize on SS prop shafts at Mystic Aquarium [Connecticut] (June 30)
49159. Black hard coat anodizing turning copper [Massachusetts] (June 28)
49135. Non-sealed Anodised AA5 is staining through our powder coating [Scotland] (June 27)
49133. Tin-Lead Plating vs. Hard Coat Anodize cost comparison [Massachusetts] (June 26)
49132. Making Red Anodize Surface Conductive [Indiana] (June 26)
48969. We want our Hard Anodizing to be blacker [China] (June 23)
49078. Temperature effects on Anodized Aluminum Parts [Tennessee] (June 20)
48996. STRIPPING HARDCOAT ANODIZED COATING ON 6061-T6 ALUMINIUM [India] (June 16)
49011. Alodine 1200 as a substitute for Anodize when reworking [Brazil] (June 13)

2b. ELECTROPLATING and ELECTROFORMING


49725. Problem with platinum plating [India] (August 21)
49733. Reworking rejected Nickel-Chrome plated jobs on mild steel tubes [India] (August 21)
49732. Hard Chrome Plating [India] (August 21)
49731. Matt tin plated over copper wire faced dwetting problem [Malaysia] (August 21)
49706. Zinc plating vs Steel thickness [France] (August 21)
49662. What's the difference between Flash and Strike [Sweden] (August 20)
49659. Hard chromium plated piston rods leak oil past the seal under pressure [Sweden] (August 19)
49705. Base Material for Rhodium Plating [New York] (August 19)
49704. Die Lines Shades, Copper Colored Aluminum [Pakistan] (August 19)
49685. Maximum allowable concentration of metallic contaminants in acid copper sulphate plating bath? [Thailand] (August 15)
49234. Corrosion forming after Type II zinc plating [Australia] (August 15)
49526. How Can I Get Blue Tint With Trivalent Chrome? [Tennessee] (August 14)
49661. Is Cadmium the same as Tin-Zinc alloy? [Thailand] (August 14)
49660. Brass plating on stainless steel? [China] (August 14)
49437. Pitting on nickel plated steel parts when immersed in sulphuric and ammonium bifluride etch [England] (August 13)
49374. Plating titanium jewelry with diamonds already inserted [Texas] (August 13)
15268. Stressing problems with watts nickel solution [Australia] (August 12)
49617. Protecting nickel at 1000 C in air [South Carolina] (August 12)
49158. Re-activating nickel for continued electroforming build up [Iowa] (August 11)
49131. Micro cracking of Cr plating on calendering roll [Korea] (August 11)
49603. Customer gave us new requirement for trivalent yellow. [Malaysia] (August 8)
49578. White corrosion on 4130 Steel, Zn-Ni plated w/ Clear Chromate [Ohio] (August 8)
49539. Having a problem with rust inside of tubing. [Tennessee] (August 8)
49591. Problem in acid copper barrel [India] (August 7)
49563. Flaking Chem Film [Illinois] (August 7)
49562. Troubleshooting Hard Chrome Plating [India] (August 7)
49561. Copper-Nickel co-plating [Massachusetts] (August 7)
49560. JS500 Platings or other 500-hour alternative [Indiana] (August 6)
49476. Blistering on heat treated products? [New Zealand] (August 5)
49516. Preplated (tin plating) steel edge is rusting [Georgia] (August 5)
49535. What are the effects of a titanium frame MOX anode in trivalent chrome bath [Singapore] (August 4)
49494. Residual Film and foul smell on Zinc Plated Parts [India] (August 1)
49478. Thermal stability of nickel coating [India] (July 31)
49485. How long do iridium coated titanium anodes last? [Missouri] (July 31)
49424. Tin plating over copper blisters at 240 C [Thailand] (July 30)
49477. Gold plated parts get a frosty look to them [Virginia] (July 30)
49465. Question: soaking work in Tripass passivate BEFORE zinc plating? [New Zealand] (July 29)
49143. pH of gold plating bath [Philippines] (July 28)
49074. Brass plating peel off [Pakistan] (July 28)
48931. White and Black spots on zinc-yellow chromated screws [Philippines] (July 28)
49456. Silver plated wrist watch dials get brown spots [India] (July 28)
49455. We burned cadmium parts by accidentally plating at 2-3 times normal amperage [Florida] (July 28)
49454. Accidentally replenished Nickel Sulfamate solution with Watts Nickel [Philippines] (July 28)
49397. How to remove small traces of Pb on a Lead-free plating solution? [Philippines] (July 25)
49373. How to do Oil Rubbed Bronze finish on Aluminum [California] (July 25)
49438. No coverage of the part in decorative chrome plating [Pakistan] (July 25)
49436. Chrome plating for 650 deg. C temperature? [Israel] (July 25)
49412. Plating a metal stamping with hardened stud attached [North Carolina] (July 24)
49398. Copper alkaline or brass bath make up [Egypt] (July 23)
49411. Platinum plating problem [India] (July 23)
48966. How to lower sodium carbonate in alkaline zinc [Virginia] (July 18)
49360. Alternate to electroless nickel plating on aluminum sheet? [Oregon] (July 17)
49010. Nickel tarnishing in LCD area of brass metal sheet bucket [India] (July 17)
49361. Bad finishing on rotor chromed by electrodeposition [Venezuela] (July 16)
49359. Want cyanide free copper and brass plating processes [India] (July 16)
49297. Okay to substitute nickel strike for copper flash? [Singapore] (July 16)
49289. Tin plating corrosion test [Philippines] (July 16)
49348. Portland Cement plastered over Zinc Chromate painted steel bars [Malaysia] (July 16)
49332. Surface of 100% Tin Plated Brass Stamped Parts Turns Blue/Grey After Flow Soldering [England] (July 15)
49313. CHROME DOTS OBSERVED AFTER PLATING [Sri Lanka] (July 14)
49290. Achieving of final tolerances of product after chromium plating [Slovenia] (July 14)
49247. Differences between adhesion of hard chrome over decorative and bright nickel [Colombia] (July 14)
49314. Making brightener for Alkaline Zinc Barrel Plating in house [India] (July 11)
49312. Brown-Black Spot is coming on Brass Electroplated components [India] (July 11)
49244. Gage study of autotitrator for NiFe bath [Minnesota] (July 10)
49116. Is acid zinc cobalt successfully used for barrel plating? [India] (July 10)
49045. Black Zinc is rusting and rubbing off [India] (July 10)
48851. Plating Copper on Titanium [Washington] (July 10)
48819. Need to do zinc plating inside the pipe, what process to follow? [India] (July 10)
49263. Plating Hard Chrome on top of Electroless Nickel [Indonesia] (July 10)
49262. Electroforming isn't sticking to steel surface [Indonesia] (July 10)
49221. Cracking problem in chrome plating on berylium copper [Massachusetts] (July 8)
48850. Taper Locks of mold cracked after chrome plating [Korea] (July 7)
49222. How to activate copper for reel-to-reel tin plating [California] (July 3)
49220. Spec'ing Nickel and chrome plate on 260 brass [New York] (July 3)
49193. Silver Plating - Anti-Tarnishing Specs or Standards [Massachusetts] (July 3)
49177. Risk of replacing hot dip zinc by sealed electrolytic zinc [Mexico] (July 3)
48737. Salt Spray standard for Satin Nickel [California] (July 3)
49175. Can Zinc-Nickel plating be applied to INSIDE of already ASSEMBLED pipe spool for seawater conduction? [Mexico] (July 3)
49194. Copper Plating Concrete [Philippines] (July 2)
49176. Hard chrome plant/anodizing plant [Canada] (July 1)
49157. Replacing rhodium with platinum plating [Colombia] (June 30)
49118. How about iron plating instead on nickel plating between copper and EN? [Wisconsin] (June 30)
49098. Jet Black With Rhodium or Ruthenium [India] (June 30)
49009. Chrome Bath Help: Chrome to Acid Ratio [Arkansas] (June 30)
49000. Crystals on Bright Nickel Anode Bags [Australia] (June 27)
49144. Yellow-brown pitting dot on reel-to-reel plated tin surface [Malaysia] (June 27)
49119. How to do antimicrobial silver plating on aluminum? [Pennsylvania] (June 26)
49117. What shops in the USA pulse plate hard chrome? [Sweden] (June 25)
49055. Nickel plated steel wire turns yellow [India] (June 24)
49100. Electro galvanised staple pins used for long lasting books [India] (June 24)
49099. What is zirconium coating? Its chemical sources? [India] (June 24)
49075. Testing whether it's Zinc or Nickel-chrome plating [Germany] (June 23)
49021. Hardness required in nickel sulfamate deposits...! [India] (June 20)
48994. Duplex nickel passes STEP test but not salt spray test [Thailand] (June 19)
49059. Electro plating on exposed steel [India] (June 19)
49037. Peeling of silver plating [Illinois] (June 19)
49046. Are There Any Intern Opportunities Around [Arkansas] (June 19)
40685. Black hard chrome problems [New Jersey] (June 17)
49028. Matte Nickel by Plating then Electrophoretic Lacquer [India] (June 16)

2c. ELECTROLESS PLATING, PLATING ON PLASTICS, IMMERSION PLATING


49730. POOR ADHESION OF ELECTROLESS NICKEL ON EDGES ON ALUM. [California] (August 21)
49718. EN composites for small scale business use [Florida] (August 21)
49703. Tape adhesion problem on plated emblem (ABS base material) [India] (August 19)
49677. Copper Plating of Plastics [Oklahoma] (August 15)
49636. EN plating on lead-free solder [New Hampshire] (August 15)
49602. Chrome plating thickness on ABS plastic [India] (August 11)
49372. Aluminium Turns black in EN [Scotland] (August 6)
49401. Suggestions for metallic finish polypropylene [UK] (July 30)
49331. Nickel "chips" on EN coating over Fe material [Singapore] (July 19)
49288. Silver spray problems in the making of stampers for pressing vinyl records [California] (July 16)
27735. Acid copper plating void holes [Malaysia] (July 11)
49251. Plating on plastic which is not ABS plastic [UAE] (July 10)
49115. How can we do on-line control of tin (g/l) in chemical bronzing? [South Carolina] (July 3)
49138. Can't achieve electroless nickel finish that is dull enough [South Korea] (July 3)
49096. The process for electroless nickel plating [India] (June 26)
49097. Plating on a high chrome surface [Singapore] (June 24)

2d. PVD, CVD, ION IMPLANTATION, VACUUM PROCESSES


49635. PVD coating in a small workshop? [Lebanon] (August 21)
49330. Wet Flux Galvanizing [India] (July 15)
49174. Poor adhesion of titanium nitride on carbide inserts [India] (July 3)

2e. GALVANIZING, ALUMINIZING, HOT TIN DIPPING


49676. How to calculate/measure the thickness of zinc coating [India] (August 18)
49271. Ammonium chloride requirements for galvanizing flux, and analysis of same [Egypt] (August 15)
49515. Are galvanized zinc coatings okay for transformer oil? [India] (August 12)
49577. Powder for removal of excess galvanized zinc [India] (August 11)
49396. Can Galvanized Sheets be Annealed? [India] (July 30)
49453. WELDING GALVANIZED VS. GALVANEALED MATERIAL? [Oregon] (July 28)
49435. Welded, powder coated galvaneal tank...FeP required? [New York] (July 25)
49410. Powder Coating Versus Galvanizing with Top Coating of Paint [Oregon] (July 24)
49328. Approximate cost to open a hot dip galvanizing business in North America? [Canada] (July 17)
49329. How to get Aurora Borealis effect on crystal beads? [UAE] (July 15)
49212. Remove Chromate Stain From Galvanized Steel [Kentucky] (July 15)
49295. How to reduce a bottom dross generation in hot dip galvanizing line ? [India] (July 15)
49311. Can we let the galvanizing bath cool when not in use? [Pakistan] (July 14)
49296. Hot Dipped Gal vs Mechanical Gal [Australia] (July 14)
49192. Counteracting zinc buildup on Mig wire areas through lower silicon? [Texas] (July 3)

2f. BLACK OXIDE, BLUING, COLORING, PATINATING


49196. Steel blueing for watch hands [India] (July 28)
49273. Adhesion to nirosta black oxide [Israel] (July 22)

2g. OTHER INORGANIC FINISHING PROCESSES
[PORCELAIN, FLAME SPRAY, HVOF, MECHANICAL PLATING]


49498. Vacuum impregnation of CF3M,Duplex/Super-Duplex SS Castings [India] (August 21) 2nd Request
49684. About Gas Nitriding [India] (August 21)
49634. Is mechanical plating of Mg alloys possible? [Taiwan] (August 13)
49452. Cyanide hardening versus nitride hardening [Thailand] (July 28)
49358. Will cryogenic treatment improve Chromium Nitride? [India] (July 16)
49327. Need information about ceramic coating equipment and supplies [Iowa] (July 15)
49270. Ni Crystals are forming on our CVD parts [Tennessee] (July 10)
49130. 1st vs. 2nd vs. 3rd Generation Trivalent Passivation [India] (July 6)

3. ORGANIC FINISHING PROCESSES . . .

3a. ELECTROPAINT PRIMING, AUTOPHORETIC COATINGS


49724. What causes the formation of particles underneath the e-coat [Georgia] (August 20)
49534. What happens to zinc chromate on zinc alloy parts if subsequently e-coated? [Australia] (August 1)
49385. Ced coating process? [India] (July 21)
49019. Color of CED paint [India] (July 21)
49114. Looking for details about CED painting [India] (July 21)
49051. Ecoat paint over galvaneal material [Brazil] (June 18)
49008. Difference between E-Coat and Cataphoresis Process [India] (June 12)

3b. POWDER COATING


49717. Enamel in Powder Coating? [California] (August 20)
49683. Repainting powder coated mailboxes that are peeling [Florida] (August 15)
49675. Powder coat finish for aluminum case of LED lamp [India] (August 15)
49514. Problems with non-gloss black powder coating caking [China] (August 11)
49451. Powder coat "workmanship" standard? [California] (August 11)
49559. Discoloration of white powder coating in storage [Washington] (August 11)
49590. Ideal powder coating thickness for Magnetic Power Supply [India] (August 8)
49414. Sign maker asks about 3-layer Powder Coating. How? [Arkansas] (July 24)
49384. Optimal corrosion resistance for powdercoat on outdoor application [California] (July 23)
49347. Galvanized fencing bubbles up after powdercoat [Ohio] (July 17)
49238. Dirty Steel prior to Powder Paint Wash [Massachusetts] (July 14)
48524. Powder Coating - fail impact test (160 in-lbs) and Salt Fog Test 500 hrs [Malaysia] (July 7)
49211. Peeling powdercoating caused by remnants of PVC protective film? [New Zealand] (July 4)
49173. How to recycle powder coated steel and aluminium parts [India] (July 1)
49066. Powdercoating brass [Virginia] (June 30)

3c. LACQUERS, CLEAR COATS, ELECTROPHORETIC TINTING, ANTI-TARNISH


49533. Black Stain on Aluminum Extruded Electroless Nickel Part [Massachusetts] (August 12)
49310. Micron thick tungsten carbide coat by electrophoresis [India] (July 11)

3d. PAINTING, ADHESIVES AND OTHER ORGANIC COATINGS


49716. Temperature vs Viscosity chart [India] (August 21)
49682. Why must aluminum panels have Alodine-1200S before Exterior dirt-up test of High-Gloss Paints [Philippines] (August 15)
49658. Adhesion problem CARC painting zinc plated hydraulic pipes [UK] (August 15)
49674. Need weather resistant clear coating for bright aluminum finish on architectural panels [Arizona] (August 15)
49601. Painting for protection from hydrofluoric and nitric acid fumes [Washington] (August 14)
49583. Painting a galvanized guardrail for historic preservation project [New York] (August 11)
49532. White dirt in mica based solvent borne base coats [India] (August 4)
49513. Paint blistering problems with water based paint [Ohio] (August 4)
49434. Problem of adhesion failure of Zinc Primer only when topcoated [India] (July 25)
49423. Painting tin plating and anodizing with low VOC Polyurethane? [UK] (July 25)
49241. Liquid painting done on automobiles [India] (July 19)
49276. Inquiry about mixing by a small-scale paint store [Philippines] (July 17)
49371. SPILLAGE IN EXTERIOR ROBOTS [India] (July 17)
49357. Paint peel off [India] (July 16)
49346. Aluminum alloy wheel repair...no pretreatment required? [Indiana] (July 16)
49264. Concentrators vs Tower Systems vs Rotary Style valve systems vs Catalyst systems: Which is best? [Ohio] (July 10)
49191. WHY does this rust occur? [Oklahoma] (July 10)
49058. Preparing Mild Steel as milled for Painting [Georgia] (July 3)
49140. Teflon coating thickness [California] (June 27)
49036. Replacement of solvent blend [Nigeria] (June 19)

4. POST-TREATMENTS

4a. CHEMICAL POST-TREATMENTS
[CHROMATE CONVERSION COATINGS, RUST PREVENTATIVES]


49589. Protective coating for external copper cladding [India] (August 11)
48794. Coloring 18-8 stainless steel red [New Jersey] (August 11)
49600. Non toxic liquid anti-tarnish for jewelry [Philippines] (August 8)
49588. Copper desmut solution causes etching [Indonesia] (August 7)
49033. Black chrome post-wax recommendation [Illinois] (June 16)

4b. BAKING AND NON-CHEMICAL POST-TREATMENTS:
[HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT AND DE-EMBRITTLEMENT, ANNEALING, WHISKERS, SOLDERING, REFLOWING]


49433. Tarnish Prevention in low karat metals [New York] (August 15)
49487. Wetting and dewetting issues of C-Pins [Singapore] (July 31)
49326. SAC tinned component leads compatibility with SnPb solder paste [Malaysia] (July 15)
49294. Does zinc and clear passivate effect properties of high tensile screw? [UK] (July 14)
49156. Hydrogen Bake - How Long and When? [Illinois] (June 30)

4c. STRIPPING, REWORKS, ETC.


49309. Stripping hard chromium from AISI 410 [Italy] (July 18)
49277. Replating of Brass Parts once plated with Tin; Can I replate with Nickel and Tin? [India] (July 10)
49062. Chemical for easy removal of MIL-C-5541, CL3 ? [New York] (July 1)
49113. How to remove fusion glued logos from our ionized aluminium cameras? [Canada] (June 26)

5. SUPPORTING ISSUES

5a. ANALYSIS, LAB TECHNIQUE, Q.A.


49450. Analysing why sodium cyanide solution is contaminated [Philippines] (August 20)
49644. UV/Vis Spectrophotometry methods [New York] (August 14)
49338. Determination of acidity in pickling and phosphatizing [Colombia] (August 11)
49095. I wish to know how to test free acidity of the bath [India] (August 11)
49219. How to check amount of metal in copper and silver plating baths? [Mississippi] (August 11)
49558. Coating thickness is wearing away when heated after coating nickel on copper [India] (August 7)
49449. Testing for correct concentrations in immersion coppering bath [India] (July 28)
49370. Water immersion testing vs copper sulfate testing after passivation [California] (July 23)
49356. Does inbuilt heater affect Salt spray chamber? [India] (July 16)
49308. Test method to prove that casting was impregnated? [Turkey] (July 16)
48869. Salt Spray Temperature and Pressure [Colorado] (July 15)
49050. Thickness measurement of TiN plated through pvd process [India] (July 11)
49210. Any NDE to determine Nitriding case depth? [Texas] (July 11)
48708. Analytical methods for measuring fluoride in water [Iran] (July 10)
49224. How to measure the hardness of a thin nickel coating? [Oregon] (July 8)
19123. How does the width of the scratch affect the corrosion results in salt spray [Belgium] (July 4)
49057. Salt Spray Test v/s Salt Bath Test after Hard Anodising [India] (June 24)
49073. Etching aluminum to reveal heat effected areas of weld regions. [South Carolina] (June 20)
49015. Correlation of salt spray fog test results versus long term atmospheric exposures [Turkey] (June 17)

5b. WASTE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL


49657. How to dry paint overspray collected in a water bath? [Canada] (August 15)
49656. pH of Deionized Water as related to Fusion Bonded Epoxy Coating [Texas] (August 14)
49307. Hydrofluoric acid disposal for small lab [California] (August 7)
49512. Reuse/recycle of rhodium plating solution [India] (August 1)
49409. Optimal Conductivity for Flocculant Tank ?? [Minnesota] (July 23)
49395. Chlorides in waste water evaporator destroyed firetube [California] (July 22)
49355. Ammonium Nitrate Treatment [New York] (July 19)
49209. Reduce CO2 content in inlet mix bed polisher [Indonesia] (July 16)
49242. Filter press stops at half full [Guam] (July 14)
49216. Disposal of Waste Liquids from Pickling and Coppering Line [Paraguay] (July 11)
49072. Plating Ni from dialysis waste stream [Minnesota] (July 4)
49085. Drying process for waste zinc phosphate sludge [UK] (June 26)
49007. Recovery of metals/chemicals from ion exchange resins [India] (June 17)
49020. Recover gold from used gold cyanide baths [India] (June 13)

5c. SAFETY ISSUES, EMISSIONS, TOXICITY


49633. Determining appropriate PPE for an anodizing line [Idaho] (August 19)
49673. Plating Tank Disposal [Minnesota] (August 15)
49632. Is it hazardous to sand chrome? [Oregon] (August 13)
49587. Copper sulfate's long-term effect on human brain [Michigan] (August 8)
49448. Cement finisher for 30 years why the blisters on the back of my hands [Washington] (August 5)
49511. Toxicity of Chromium in stainless steel - Hexavalent vs Trivalent [Australia] (August 1)

5d. PLANT & PROCESS ENGINEERING, CONSTRUCTION


49689. How can someone separate mill scale from a retention pond. [North Carolina] (August 18)
49576. Reel to reel electroplating dummy [Singapore] (August 6)
49383. Zinc plating beginner asks how to connect rectifier [Venezuela] (July 22)
49368. Making Dummy Cathodes for a nickel sulfamate bath [New Jersey] (July 19)
49318. Why Pulse Rectifiers? [India] (July 15)
49253. Fire related question about Nitro Sanding Sealer [Colorado] (July 14)
49287. Is secondary containment required for Powder coating wash system tanks? [Ohio] (July 11)
49259. Limits for dual laminated piping for sulfuric acid application [Armenia] (July 10)
48941. Brand New 12v / 100Amps Digital Rectifier is not working? [Tanzania] (July 10)
49172. Bus bar power loss calculations [India] (July 1)
49171. Heat limitation for Koroseal lining ? [California] (July 1)
49155. Material of construction for 300m3 HCl Tank? [Indonesia] (July 1)
49128. Suitability of aluminum carts and fixtures for use in high temperature cure oven [Illinois] (June 27)

5e. QUESTIONS ABOUT SOFTWARE, SPECS, BOOKS, INDUSTRY STATISTICS, ETC.


49655. ASTM A380 copper sulfate MSDS [Minnesota] (August 15)
49510. NIDI 9012 - Finishes for Stainless Steel [Malaysia] (August 1)
49493. Is there a Mil-spec limit on surface area that can be brush plated? [The Netherlands] (August 1)
49422. A layman's explanation for the difference in NUC AP and NADCAP? [Georgia] (July 25)
49382. Does Black Chrome have a specification [Connecticut] (July 23)
49279. Customs Director needs Composition and HS Code for Tinplates [Afghanistan] (July 19)
49369. Does anyone has operational excellence assessment guidelines [Mexico] (July 17)
49345. International Military Corrosion Standards [Turkey] (July 16)
49061. Help translating a German Plating Spec [California] (July 3)
49146. Do RMS finishes pertain to PVC or plastic, or only to metal? [California] (June 27)
49027. Finish Conversion: Spark Eroded VDI3400 [Michigan] (June 16)

5f. WORLD WIDE WORD OF THE WEEK
[LINGO, TRADE NAMES, TRANSLATIONS]


49715. In search of Root Coating Process [India] (August 19)
49616. In wood finishing: is "pickled" the same as "decapé"? [Italy] (August 12)
49531. MIL-F-14072 M228 [Pennsylvania] (August 11)
49408. Zinc white trivalent [India] (July 23)
49325. What names do you use for these machines? [China] (July 15)
49239. Thermal browning process [India] (July 9)
49190. KZ FINISHES [Pennsylvania] (July 2)

5g. CHROMATE REPLACEMENT & THE EUROPEAN END-OF-LIFE DIRECTIVE; Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr REPLACEMENTS.


49701. Are we meeting RoHS norm with hexavalent chromating? [India] (August 19)
49672. Testing for Clear Trivalent Chromate [Minnesota] (August 15)
49582. Analysis of Hexavalent versus Trivalent Chromate on Zinc Plating [Iowa] (August 7)
49475. I want to retain RoHS complaint from brass with nickel plated parts [India] (July 30)
49381. Is Type II Chem Film RoHS Compliant? [Texas] (July 19)
49306. Is electroplating on 316 SS RoHS compliant? [India] (July 11)
49286. Cadmium vs. other finishes for d-sub connectors [Utah] (July 11)
49227. What is the latest EU regulatory limit for dioctyl sebacate? [Philippines] (July 9)
49218. Can chrome plated plastic form a layer of Chrome 6 over time? [Malta] (July 3)
49189. Need alternative for cadmium plating [Egypt] (July 2)
49136. Passivate per ES-1001 to stainless steel is RoHS compliant? [India] (June 27)
49084. Hex 3/ Hex 6/ Metallic chrome [Australia] (June 20)
49005. Alternatives to decorative chrome plating [Texas] (June 16)
49006. Is Zinc Plate with Sodium dichromate finish RoHS compliant? [India] (June 12)

5h. MOSTLY METALLURGY


49432. Cutlery mfgr wants better stainless to avoid rusting [Turkey] (July 30)
49243. Aluminium baffle damage [UK] (July 9)
49170. Stress relieving thin stainless steel deep drawn components [India] (July 1)

6a. ARTISTS, HOBBYISTS, CAR BUFFS, HOME OWNERS, ETC.


49700. Gold wrinkle paint on glass for spool cabinet restoration [Florida] (August 21)
49698. Recovering Gold from Mercury [Texas] (August 21)
49729. Can I Tungsten Carbide plate a white gold ring? [California] (August 21)
49697. Corrosion of stainless steel piping and utensils in new house [India] (August 20)
49366. How do I deplate silver off old broken silverware? [New York] (August 20)
49598. Simple help on setting up copper electrolysis [Alabama] (August 19)
49699. Help with original zinc die cast finish (how to restore) [The Netherlands] (August 19)
49696. Rolled Steel Countertop has become a mess [Arizona] (August 19)
49670. In need of colored metal with coloring blended into the metal [California] (August 18)
49625. How to rhodium plate and not get steely grey [India] (August 18)
49681. Restore a Peoria Oak 1900s stove body [California] (August 15)
49653. How to protect an outdoor carbon steel forge from corrosion? [Virginia] (August 15)
49651. D-I-Y alternative to electroplating for motorcycle engine? [New Jersey] (August 15)
49629. Need to braze aluminum boat hull, but can't get it to tin [California] (August 15)
49671. How thick is layer of gold on plated craft wire? [Romania] (August 15)
49631. Can't remove tarnish from old brass lamp in this lifetime [France] (August 14)
49556. Preserving cement statue of Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs [Pennsylvania] (August 14)
49551. What paint type should I use to paint my car? [Canada] (August 14)
49549. Never do cleaning if you have Rhodium Jewelry! [Canada] (August 14)
49527. FDA approved finish for cement serving dishes? [Indiana] (August 14)
49505. What is the black coating on steel? [New York] (August 14)
49504. Restoring old wood burning inbuilt stove [Australia] (August 14)
49654. Reverse electroplating using salt water [Minnesota] (August 14)
49652. Any way to darken the finish of sealed wood cabinets other than stripping? [Texas] (August 14)
49650. Bending Aluminium 6060T5 extrusion [Australia] (August 14)
49643. Primer needed for aluminum gutters? [Georgia] (August 13)
49630. Want to do minor repair to Powder Coated railings [New Jersey] (August 13)
49628. Is odd looking black stuff sprayed on inside of tanker desk asbestos? [Canada] (August 13)
49627. Aluminum wheel polishing help [New York] (August 13)
49626. Found a buried ring, marked 14K but brown in color [Louisiana] (August 13)
49470. How to prep aluminum or stainless classic auto trim parts for chrome plating? [Missouri] (August 12)
48729. My GM dealer says the peeling chrome wheels on my G6 are MY FAULT!!! [West Virginia] (August 12)
49615. Black chrome radiator hoses [Michigan] (August 12)
49614. Translucent black paint for tail lights? [New York] (August 12)
49613. How to durably finish teak for a floor [Pennsylvania] (August 12)
49612. Weatherizing new copper to match existing panels [Connecticut] (August 12)
49611. Why does topcoating of chrome-like paint causes yellowing? [Indonesia] (August 11)
49580. Shoe bronzing question [France] (August 11)
49573. Preserving copper bartop of busy gulf pub [Florida] (August 11)
49509. Recovery of Gold from Potassium Gold Cyanide [Georgia] (August 11)
49599. Best Chemical Solution for brush coating [Canada] (August 8)
49581. Can't unscrew chromalloy bike peddles from aluminum crank arm [Michigan] (August 8)
49586. How can a shiny satin nickel plating be dulled? [Virginia] (August 7)
49555. How do you stamp the weight into an ingot of silver or gold [North Carolina] (August 7)
49574. How to avoid yellowing of chemically deposited silver when I apply transparent topcoat? [Mexico] (August 6)
49557. Candle wax stains on Granite Headstone [Pennsylvania] (August 6)
49554. Shower enclosure restoration options [Michigan] (August 6)
49553. Want to change exterior brass hardware to pewter color [Texas] (August 6)
49552. Protecting gold plated tapware [Australia] (August 5)
49550. I want to purify my 80% gold ingot [Yemen] (August 5)
49488. Plating a spiral staircase for Better Homes & Gardens contest winner [Florida] (August 5)
49482. Plating linkages 'as assemblies'? [South Africa] (August 5)
49469. Problems activating Electroless Nickel plated parts [Scotland] (August 5)
48860. Protective coating for aluminum exposed to high pressure oxygen [New York] (August 5)
49508. What nails should I use for an outdoor railing cap? [New York] (August 4)
49506. How to paint Fiberglass Steps? [Maine] (August 4)
49503. Barrel wear from lead filled full metal steel jacket bullets. [Nevada] (August 4)
49530. Artist needs powder coated finish attracted by a magnet [California] (August 4)
49464. Cleaning up cement dust from sanding of concrete floor [Canada] (August 1)
49507. Electric Polishing of Brass [Australia] (August 1)
49474. Rust protection for antique iron fixture [Maryland] (July 31)
49472. Want a dark stainless steel finish for anchor chafing plate [California] (July 31)
49471. What type grade of stainless steel plates and size for a hydrogen engine project? [Wisconsin] (July 31)
49468. Cleaning service needs help removing fingerprints from mirror finished plastic reflectors [California] (July 31)
49089. Copper Electro-refining: All I get is copper powder/no adhesion to cathode [Indiana] (July 31)
29955. Trying to restore copper ornamental dome on historical building [Wisconsin] (July 30)
49473. Chemistry math for cleaning die cast zinc parts [Texas] (July 30)
49431. Reverse electroplating silver is it possible? [West Virginia] (July 29)
49420. Bending of body jewelry wire [Texas] (July 29)
49407. Looking for a cannon [California] (July 29)
49344. Need Help with a small powder coating repair issue [New Jersey] (July 29)
49303. Recreating French Bronze [Canada] (July 29)
49265. Refinishing an enamel bowl with food-safe coating [California] (July 29)
49249. Cleaning vintage sterling caps over mother of pearl rosary [Texas] (July 29)
49064. Refinishing a blue toilet [California] (July 29)
49014. Vegetative Growth in Acid Copper [Pennsylvania] (July 29)
48938. Clean black gunk from pitting on bowie knife [New York] (July 29)
49419. EN coating the inside of a diesel fuel tank [New Jersey] (July 25)
49418. What primer for painting anodized windows inside? [Australia] (July 25)
49166. How is a steel or SS outboard motor shaft masked so that hard chrome plating occurs in specific area only [Massachusetts] (July 25)
49406. Help determining what mystery metal my water distiller is made of [Connecticut] (July 24)
49421. Removing chrome plating from plastic [Florida] (July 24)
49364. I keep polishing but the scratches remain [California] (July 22)
48952. Acid washing brick over brand new copper roofs [Florida] (July 22)
49394. What metal for countertop surface on old hoosier? [New York] (July 21)
48903. How do I age new galvanized sheet metal [California] (July 19)
49380. Converting old Brass items to Brushed Silver [New Jersey] (July 19)
49333. A housekeeper's blunder leaves every silver piece looking like aluminum [New York] (July 18)
49324. High temperature and water-resistant bonding agent for plastic radiator [Texas] (July 18)
12167. Paint removal on antique wood [Washington] (July 18)
49367. Brush plating Black Chrome [Colorado] (July 18)
49343. How is sulfuric acid used to extract platinum [California] (July 16)
49305. How to strip anodize with no Easy Off available here? [Ireland] (July 16)
49334. Advice about stainless steel coatings [Virginia] (July 15)
49323. Removal of rust from ILVE copper ovens [South Africa] (July 15)
49258. Copper Electrowinning and Electroforming - proper acid electrolyte formula needed [Georgia] (July 15)
49235. Help making Titanium Purple [Florida] (July 15)
49070. 55 gal iron phosphate barrels for drinking water? [Indiana] (July 15)
49304. Cleaning small aluminum castings before Alodine [South Carolina] (July 14)
49293. Alodining Cast Aluminum Boat Parts [South Carolina] (July 11)
49278. Polishing stainless steel on a Prevost bus [Canada] (July 10)
49261. White bleach stains on coloured enamel bath [England] (July 10)
49255. What is ornate stein and music box made of? [New York] (July 10)
48840. Equipment for home vacuum metallizing? [Canada] (July 10)
49215. Do buffing compounds have a shelf life? [Nevada] (July 8)
49207. Discoloration of stainless steel utensils with copper bottoms [India] (July 8)
49206. What material for rustproof 3" dia. disc to cover old key hole? [Florida] (July 8)
49188. How to remove water spots from my Harley rim [Pennsylvania] (July 8)
49217. How To Make A Home Made Electro Plating System For Copper [California] (July 7)
49054. My wonderful zamak shiva statue is corroding; what can I do? [The Netherlands] (July 7)
49154. Rust in my pineapple chunks [Texas] (July 3)
49208. Need brushed stainless steel decorative liners. [Utah] (July 3)
48815. I'm into patina, and want to paint my UGLY aluminum pick-up topper [Maryland] (July 3)
49205. I made white spots on stainless steel with Easy Off [Canada] (July 3)
49168. How to clean seagulls in flight metal sculpture [New Jersey] (July 3)
48758. Artist wants easier way to "red" copper [Arizona] (July 3)
49169. How to finish bare steel to look like oil finished bronze [California] (July 1)
49167. Looking for the solution to darken copper so it can be worn in jewelry [Missouri] (July 1)
49153. Will aluminum and/or galvanized steel flashing touching copper pipe make it corrode? [California] (June 30)
49145. Green teeth or super teeth best for stump grinders? [Washington] (June 27)
49109. Is pre-treating of galvaneal necessary before painting? [Ohio] (June 27)
49129. How to refinish old kitchen chair legs made of steel/aluminum [New York] (June 26)
49127. Determining plating type to recover precious metal from circuit boards [Oklahoma] (June 26)
49126. Galvanized steel staircase in a condo is dirty and rusty [New Jersey] (June 26)
49112. Painting a mural on an aluminum trailer [Texas] (June 25)
49111. Removing layers of paint from antique shelf [Louisiana] (June 25)
49110. Is powder coating a fence worth the extra cost? [Nevada] (June 25)
49043. Motorcycle wheel chrome peeling, never heard of this reason, is it legit? [Wisconsin] (June 24)
49094. Adverse conditions in Hydrogen generator diodes causing problems with metal corrosion. [Missouri] (June 24)
49093. Can white aluminum windows be durably painted bronze? [Oklahoma] (June 24)
49092. Rechroming automotive parts with welded lap joint [Taiwan] (June 24)
49091. Steel door begins to rust [New York] (June 24)
49090. How to protect bearings and other sensitive surfaces from the effects of wet sand blasting [Canada] (June 24)
49083. Church Incense Burners. How can I clean one? [UK] (June 23)
49082. How safe is passivated 304 or 316 stainless for children? [Maryland] (June 23)
49081. Stainless steel acid tested positive as gold! [Nevada] (June 20)
49077. Artist's questions on Brushing Galvanized Metal [Washington] (June 20)
49065. We have printed circit boards with gold on them what to do? [Washington] (June 19)
48814. DuPont 226s conversion coating does not turn golden on a 6061-T6 spar [Mississippi] (June 19)
49056. Steel Hull Pre-Treating [South Carolina] (June 19)
49044. RHODIUM PLATINUM...WAS I RIPPED OFF? [Florida] (June 18)
49025. Black Chrome (powder coating) [Missouri] (June 16)
49016. How to make vintage metal signs [Spain] (June 16)
48984. Grout removal problem [Saudi Arabia] (June 16)
49026. Commercial letter stripping chemical [Georgia] (June 13)
49003. I need to build a electro polishing wand for 304 stainless [Arizona] (June 13)
49004. Chrome Exhaust Pipe Bluing [Texas] (June 12)

6b. RESEARCH, THESIS TOPICS, UNIVERSITY & POST-GRAD STUDENTS


49728. How to remove chloride from silver cyanide bath [India] (August 21)
49668. Electroless Nickel Boron Coating [India] (August 20)
49714. Non-plated light reflective surface [California] (August 19)
49695. Surface energy of chrome? [Indiana] (August 19)
49694. Protection for outdoor plaster/concrete sculpture [Alabama] (August 19)
49687. Grey finish on 2024 Aluminum [Florida] (August 18)
49669. Argon or vacuum more inert for high temperature treatment? [UK] (August 18)
49667. Science project: Production of Sulfuric Acid [Malaysia] (August 18)
49649. How to melt ore particles of gold with chemicals or acids but not by heating [India] (August 18)
49688. Issue on no coat on tip [Philippines] (August 15)
49680. Is 7075 Aluminum Compatable with Limonene? [Pennsylvania] (August 15)
49624. Effect on pH of the system with increasing Cu2+ concentration [UK] (August 13)
49610. How can I get HCl 20% to 30%? [India] (August 11)
49609. Leaching gold 24 hours...how about electro motor? [Indonesia] (August 11)
49608. FDM Rapid prototyping question [Malaysia] (August 11)
49594. 10% Nitric acid stored in aluminum tank [Florida] (August 11)
48912. Platinum plating for high voltage (~1000V) electrophoresis [Canada] (August 11)
49597. Shelf life determinants of electronic PCBs [Pakistan] (August 8)
49596. Jewelry business research: Rhodium [New York] (August 8)
49595. Aluminum okay material of construction for food dehydrator? [Canada] (August 8)
49593. How to buy rhodium so I can make rhodium plating solution? [Iran] (August 8)
49529. Reaction between HNO3 and ferrous sulfate [Iran] (August 8)
49585. Recovery of rhodium from spent pen-plating solution [Turkey] (August 7)
49584. DI water and Aluminum reaction releases gas !! [Georgia] (August 7)
49579. Why black precipitate during electrochemical machining? [India] (August 7)
49547. Carbon treatment of copper plating bath [Minnesota] (August 6)
49548. Anti pit agent for watts bath? [Iran] (August 5)
49546. Is RoHS compliance the only method to state that the material is non hazardous? [India] (August 5)
49405. Increase the whiteness of rhodium plating [India] (August 5) 2nd Request
49490. Electroforming micro gas turbine components [Utah] (August 5)
49447. Nickel Chloride from nickel hydroxide? [California] (August 5)
49495. Welding nickel plated steel tubing [Canada] (August 1)
49150. Electrodeposition of Ruthenium 20 microns thick [UK] (July 31)
49467. Nickel (steel) plating of aluminum profiles [India] (July 31)
49446. Is there any alterantive to inhibitors for pickling, and regarding surface finish [India] (July 28)
49430. Corrosion detection on inside of the shell cs shell of titanium lined urea reactor [India] (July 25)
49285. Can Tin Plated Bronze Corrode and Oxidize? [Singapore] (July 22)
49203. Physics Dept. needs Waterproof, Black Coating for Brass [Georgia] (July 22)
49151. High pH and high tensile stress in nickel sulfamate [Massachusetts] (July 22)
49393. Where does hydrogen fit in a reactivity series? [Malaysia] (July 21)
49392. How to achieve Nickel to Nickel adhesion for MEMS? [Colorado] (July 21)
49379. Small batch Incineration of Gold-loaded anion exchange resin [Guatemala] (July 19)
49342. Zincate treatment for steel [India] (July 17)
49341. Alternately copper plating and electropolishing for super smoothness [UK] (July 16)
49340. Conductivity of copper [India] (July 16)
49335. Electroless ni-p on a copper substrate [Iran] (July 15)
48765. Dissolving nickel/chrome leaving stainless steel/brass unchanged [Louisiana] (July 15)
49107. The roles of the various chemicals in an Electroless Plating bath [South Africa] (July 15)
49275. What is the difference between the anodic and cathodic electrophoretic paints? [China] (July 10)
49256. Corten: Herzog & de Meuron's Caixaforum in Madrid, Spain. Poetry in the decay of cast steel panels [Florida] (July 10)
49254. Plating steel with aluminium [Denmark] (July 10)
49152. TiO2 etching [UK] (July 8)
49187. Aluminium oxide removal before plating on aluminum [Iran] (July 8)
49204. Searching for a "perfect" levelling agent [Texas] (July 3)
49185. How to set up an Iron plating bath [California] (July 3)
49165. Fastest way to get steel to rust/rot [Massachusetts] (July 3)
48774. Nickel plate, blistering when chromed [Philippines] (July 3)
49186. Gold plating peels off TiN/ZrN coated part [India] (July 1)
49164. Electropolishing solution [India] (July 1)
49139. Ag/Agcl Electrode Problem [New York] (June 27)
49106. Separating copper from nickel by electrolysis [Switzerland] (June 26)
49105. Washing and drying gold potassium cyanide crystals [Israel] (June 26)
49123. Amount of H2S ppm allowable in a 5454 alum tank? [Canada] (June 26) 2nd Request
49108. How to emboss polycarbonate sheet with microprisms [India] (June 25)
49104. Who is doing HVOF coating in Tamil Nadu? [India] (June 25)
49041. Test adherence for electroplating on ABS [Colombia] (June 20)
48937. Cyanide concentration in electroplating industries waste [India] (June 19)
49035. Does D.I. resistivity drop with ambient air present in holding tank? [Florida] (June 19)
49034. Preferential attack during electropolishing [Mexico] (June 19)
49040. Problems with chromium bath [Colombia] (June 19)
48929. Avoiding hydrogen embrittlement by non-aqueous plating [Illinois] (June 17)
49024. What is the Process of Plating Platinum andTitanium Dioxide to Stainless Steel SUS 304/316L [Thailand] (June 17)
49023. Blister after baking the plating [Malaysia] (June 13)

6c. K-12 SCIENCE PROJECTS, GRAMMAR & HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT QUESTIONS


49693. Silver Nitrate Solution [Australia] (August 19)
49623. A Titanic situation... [Australia] (August 14)
49607. What is in citrus fruits, and how does it affect pH of saliva? [Australia] (August 11)
48959. How does pH affect rust [Australia] (August 5)
49502. School project on energy transformers [Australia] (August 1)
49429. Separation technologies for obtaining 100% gold? [Macedonia] (July 25)
49336. Can I get a Chameleon effect from nickel plating? [Wisconsin] (July 15)
49214. Rate of corrosion via electrolysis help please [Australia] (July 11)
49149. Student project: Benefits of tin electroplating and how is it done? [India] (June 27)

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