Waste disposal methods for hydrofluoric acid

Disposal of hydrofluoric can go two ways:

If your receiving stream (meaning surface water OR sewer) has no fluoride limitation, simple neutralization with caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) should be enough. If there are no regulated metals in the stream, that's it. With the current state of discharge regulations it's rare to have no fluoride limit.

If you have regulated metals or a limit on fluoride, lime neutralization/precipitation following by settling or microfiltration is recommended.

Bill Vins microwave & cable assemblies Mesa (what a place-a), Arizona

Yes. It's treated with calcium chloride and lime, for neutralization and fluoride removal. You dose with about 1/2 ounce per gallon of calcium chloride, then add hydrated lime [linked by editor to product info at Amazon] to a pH of about 9. Then, floc out the solids with an anionic polymer.

If you do not need to treat for fluoride, you can neutralize the acid with caustic, instead. You will get much less sludge.

Do a bench scale test first to determine the appropriate dilution factor, if any. If the acid is really strong it may heat up excessively during neutralization, causing the release of HF vapors, and possible damage to equipment. Also, watch the pH probe...during the early stage of neutralization when there is still a lot of free HF,the glass bulb can easily be dissolved.

Dave Wichern - The Bronx, New York

Yes, the waste HF can be treated by adding Ca(2+) ion to the tank. For the source of Ca(2+) ion, I have tried CaCl2, Ca(OH)2, and CaCO3. Among them, the process rate for CaCl2 is fastest, while the CaCO3 is the least. However, if taking the cost into consideration, it will be the CaCO3. I am working on several reusing projects mainly to produce the CaF2. So far it works very smoothly.

O&M of Surface Finishing Wastewater Treatment Systems

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