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Letter 1150

What is a black oxide process?

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I have been asked by several customers to look into installing a black oxide coating system to coat their parts. Information gathered so far tells me the 8# per gallon of caustic at 295 degrees F. is a caustic blackening. Is this black oxiding or must I look into a furnace system which uses steam at 900-1100 degrees F.? This process is described as black oxiding in sources.

Dave P [last name deleted for privacy due to age of posting]

Ed. note: We now have a FAQ on Black Oxide on line, Dave.


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One of the most common "black oxide" process found in metal finishing operations is much like the hot caustic solution you described. Commercially available processes contain more than just caustic soda, i.e.: oxidizers and activators are also incorporated. They typically operate at 280 - 295 F.

The action of the solution actually forms an iron oxide which is black in appearance. A well operated "hot oxide" will produce a beautiful black finish. To achieve a level of corrosion resistance, a rust preventative oil is applied after the black oxide coating has been applied ( and the part is thoroughly rinsed).

There are also room temperature black finishes for steel.

Trust this helps.

Ken Lemke
Canadian Finishing Systems Ltd

Burlington, Ontario


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High pressure steam is not usually used; instead, almost all black oxide tanks have their own gas burner system, so that they are heated rather like a pot on a stove.


Ted Mooney, P.E. 
finishing.com
Brick, NJ


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I also need help with black oxiding. I wish to black oxide a restored classic rifle. Many years ago i used this process to good effect. While I still have potassium nitrate, caustic soda, etc. I can not find my notes with the correct formula, can anyone give me the proportions to obtain the correct super saturated solution. many thanks. Maurice

MAURICE S [last name deleted for privacy due to age of posting]


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It seems to me this black oxide process is very interesting and have good commercial value. Is there any resource for person like me to just read and learn about the technique? I do not intend to pry on any one's secret technology, just want to read something which is declassified.

Any info will help.

Thanks a bunch,

From the painted dessert of Arizona!

Gautam B [last name deleted for privacy due to age of posting]
- Arizona


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I spend a lot of money annually outsourcing for black oxide finishing on low carbon steels. I wish to invest on a system that would allow us to do it internally. Could some one please assist us. What equipment is required, sources for chemicals, specs. Thanks

Michael W [last name deleted for privacy due to age of posting]
- Windsor, Ontario


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If you're not familiar with a process you could retain a consultant to simultaneously design it and educate you. But if you'd rather start the sequence by talking to salespeople, there are many suppliers including Electrochemical Products [New Berlin WI], and Heatbath [Springfield MA].


Ted Mooney, P.E. 
finishing.com
Brick, NJ


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I want to know whole chemistry of the blackening process of iron. I am also interested in knowing the different methods of blackening of iron. How is the blackening film adherent to the parent metal?

rajesh s [last name deleted for privacy due to age of posting]
- India


May 25, 2006

I'm wondering whether or not black oxidizing changes the coefficient of friction of a part? I'm looking into a coating that I could use on my inner Fork Tubes (motorcycle suspension)that would have a black/grey color and would either keep the coefficient of friction I have now or improve it. I looked at TiN and saw the coefficient of friction improves significantly, but was wondering if there was another material with a black color that does the same? Thanks.

Nic Burke
Hobbyist - Federal Way, WA, US


June 12, 2006

Nic Dupont makes a product that is similar to Cookware coating. You paint this stuff on and bake it in an oven at about 400 Deg. If you go to there website you can find all the info you want.

Tim Wyatt
- Port Richey, FL, USA


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